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<p>Sea buckthorn pomace, a waste product from sea buckthorn processing, was fermented in this study and combined with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> to create a composite microbial fertilizer. The aim was to investigate the comprehensive effects of this fertilizer on plant traits and the rhizosphere soil environment during the cultivation of red quinoa.&#xa0;A pot experiment was conducted using this composite fertilizer for red quinoa cultivation. Agronomic indicators and active components of red quinoa were measured, along with soil physicochemical properties and microbial structure. Correlation analyses were also performed between various plant traits and soil indicators.&#xa0;Application of the fertilizer (group SM) significantly improved the agronomic indicators of red quinoa, with notable increases in plant height, stem diameter and root weight ratio. It also boosted the content of total soluble sugars (16.09%) and proteins (75.01%) within the plants, markedly enhancing the edible quality of red quinoa seedlings. Furthermore, soil analysis revealed that the fertilizer significantly increased soil organic matter (17.31%) and available nitrogen (7.83%) content. It regulated the soil microbial community structure by improving soil pH and electrical conductivity, enhancing soil enzyme activity, enriching beneficial bacteria (e.g. <i>Bacillota, Pseudomonas</i>) and suppressing pathogenic fungi (e.g., <i>Alternaria, Fusarium</i>), thereby promoting red quinoa growth.&#xa0;Within the composite fertilizer,<i> Bacillus subtilis</i> and the sea buckthorn pomace ferment worked synergistically to positively enhance red quinoa quality and yield, and maintain soil nutrient and microecological stability.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Impact of Sea Buckthorn Fermented Microbial Fertilizer on Growth, Quality, and Rhizosphere Soil Environment of Red Quinoa (Chenopodium formosanum) Seedlings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Tianle Shen,
  • Zhihao Yang,
  • Yanbin Wang,
  • Chai Lin,
  • Xingqian Ye,
  • Dan Wu

摘要

Sea buckthorn pomace, a waste product from sea buckthorn processing, was fermented in this study and combined with Bacillus subtilis to create a composite microbial fertilizer. The aim was to investigate the comprehensive effects of this fertilizer on plant traits and the rhizosphere soil environment during the cultivation of red quinoa. A pot experiment was conducted using this composite fertilizer for red quinoa cultivation. Agronomic indicators and active components of red quinoa were measured, along with soil physicochemical properties and microbial structure. Correlation analyses were also performed between various plant traits and soil indicators. Application of the fertilizer (group SM) significantly improved the agronomic indicators of red quinoa, with notable increases in plant height, stem diameter and root weight ratio. It also boosted the content of total soluble sugars (16.09%) and proteins (75.01%) within the plants, markedly enhancing the edible quality of red quinoa seedlings. Furthermore, soil analysis revealed that the fertilizer significantly increased soil organic matter (17.31%) and available nitrogen (7.83%) content. It regulated the soil microbial community structure by improving soil pH and electrical conductivity, enhancing soil enzyme activity, enriching beneficial bacteria (e.g. Bacillota, Pseudomonas) and suppressing pathogenic fungi (e.g., Alternaria, Fusarium), thereby promoting red quinoa growth. Within the composite fertilizer, Bacillus subtilis and the sea buckthorn pomace ferment worked synergistically to positively enhance red quinoa quality and yield, and maintain soil nutrient and microecological stability.

Graphical Abstract