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<p>To determine the optimal irrigation frequency and phosphorus (P) sources under drip fertigation for green gram in sodic soil conditions. Field experiments were conducted during 2021 and 2022 at TNAU-Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirappalli, India, using a split-plot design. The main plot treatments consisted of drip irrigation with 80% of pan evaporation at frequencies of 3 (M1), 5 (M2), and 7 days (M3), and surface irrigation (M4). Subplot treatments included P sources such as single super phosphate (SSP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP) applied through manual broadcasting, compared with fertigation using mono ammonium phosphate (MAP), phosphoric acid (PA), and control. Drip irrigation with the frequency of 5 days significantly improved grain yield to the tune of 30.3%, nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) nutrient uptake by 70.8, 38.2, and 32.9%, respectively, P recovery efficiency by 13.71%, and water productivity by 76.6% compared to surface irrigation. Among P sources, fertigation with PA demonstrated significantly higher crop growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf chlorophyll index, grain yield (22.4%), nutrient uptake (62.3% N, 125% P, and 55.7% K) over control. P fertigation using PA exhibited significantly higher agronomic efficiency (AEp: 125%), partial factor productivity (PFPp: 11.35%), and recovery efficiency (REp: 209.3%) compared to soil application of SSP. These results were statistically comparable to fertigation using MAP. Drip fertigation with 100% NPK (urea, PA or MAP, and muriate of potash) at an irrigation frequency of 5 days is recommended to enhance grain yield, water productivity, and P use efficiency of green gram under sodic soil conditions.</p>

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Enhancing Growth, Phosphorus Use efficiency, Grain and Water Productivity of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) Grown in Sodic Soil through Drip Fertigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月27日

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  • Ramesh Thanakkan,
  • Miruthula Shree,
  • Rathika Selvaraj,
  • Balasubramaniam Palanisamy,
  • Vijayakumar Shanmugam

摘要

To determine the optimal irrigation frequency and phosphorus (P) sources under drip fertigation for green gram in sodic soil conditions. Field experiments were conducted during 2021 and 2022 at TNAU-Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirappalli, India, using a split-plot design. The main plot treatments consisted of drip irrigation with 80% of pan evaporation at frequencies of 3 (M1), 5 (M2), and 7 days (M3), and surface irrigation (M4). Subplot treatments included P sources such as single super phosphate (SSP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP) applied through manual broadcasting, compared with fertigation using mono ammonium phosphate (MAP), phosphoric acid (PA), and control. Drip irrigation with the frequency of 5 days significantly improved grain yield to the tune of 30.3%, nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) nutrient uptake by 70.8, 38.2, and 32.9%, respectively, P recovery efficiency by 13.71%, and water productivity by 76.6% compared to surface irrigation. Among P sources, fertigation with PA demonstrated significantly higher crop growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf chlorophyll index, grain yield (22.4%), nutrient uptake (62.3% N, 125% P, and 55.7% K) over control. P fertigation using PA exhibited significantly higher agronomic efficiency (AEp: 125%), partial factor productivity (PFPp: 11.35%), and recovery efficiency (REp: 209.3%) compared to soil application of SSP. These results were statistically comparable to fertigation using MAP. Drip fertigation with 100% NPK (urea, PA or MAP, and muriate of potash) at an irrigation frequency of 5 days is recommended to enhance grain yield, water productivity, and P use efficiency of green gram under sodic soil conditions.