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<p> Purpose This study evaluated the agronomic and physiological performance of nine <i>Medicago sativa</i> (alfalfa) varieties grown in different Tunisian agricultural soils to identify those with high growth rates, photosynthetic efficiency and resilience to nutrient-poor soils. Methods The study began with a comprehensive soil analysis, classifying the soils into two distinct clusters based on their characteristics: (C1) nutrient-poor sandy soils and (C2) nutrient-rich soils with higher levels of total nitrogen, potassium and organic matter. Following this classification, the growth and development of <i>Medicago sativa</i> plants were studied in each soil type. Several traits, including growth parameters, biomass production, nodule number, SPAD value and photosynthetic efficiency assessed through chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were evaluated at the flowering stage. Results The results highlight significant differences in plant performance between the two soil groups. This provides valuable insights into how soil properties interact with the behavior of different varieties. In both soil types, the Marais de Luçon (V4) variety demonstrated superior performance, showing the highest biomass production, root length, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including Fv’/Fm’ ratio and the quantum yield of PSII (ɸ2) with a low non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) value. In C2 cluster, Polesana (V7) also showed high performance, whereas Coussouls (V8) recorded the lowest values. In the C1 cluster, although V4 remained the best performer, the V8 variety showed improved agronomic traits and photosynthetic efficiency, adapting well to different soil conditions. Conclusion The varieties Marais de Luçon (V4), Polesana (V7), and Coussouls (V8) represent promising candidates for targeted selection. V4 combines high productivity with stable performance across different soil environments; V7 performs best in nutrient-rich soils, while V8’s adaptability to nutrient-poor sandy soils could benefit marginal areas. These findings provide valuable insights for breeding and management to improve alfalfa productivity and sustainability of Mediterranean cropping systems.</p>

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Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Traits of Medicago Sativa Varieties on Different Agricultural Soils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • Nadia Kallala,
  • Wael Toukabri,
  • Takwa Gritli,
  • Nouha Ferchichi,
  • Marwa Batnini,
  • Karima Jalali,
  • Manel Chaouachi,
  • Fatma Souissi,
  • Faten Louati,
  • Issam Nouairi,
  • Bacem Mnasri,
  • Haythem Mhadhbi

摘要

Purpose This study evaluated the agronomic and physiological performance of nine Medicago sativa (alfalfa) varieties grown in different Tunisian agricultural soils to identify those with high growth rates, photosynthetic efficiency and resilience to nutrient-poor soils. Methods The study began with a comprehensive soil analysis, classifying the soils into two distinct clusters based on their characteristics: (C1) nutrient-poor sandy soils and (C2) nutrient-rich soils with higher levels of total nitrogen, potassium and organic matter. Following this classification, the growth and development of Medicago sativa plants were studied in each soil type. Several traits, including growth parameters, biomass production, nodule number, SPAD value and photosynthetic efficiency assessed through chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were evaluated at the flowering stage. Results The results highlight significant differences in plant performance between the two soil groups. This provides valuable insights into how soil properties interact with the behavior of different varieties. In both soil types, the Marais de Luçon (V4) variety demonstrated superior performance, showing the highest biomass production, root length, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including Fv’/Fm’ ratio and the quantum yield of PSII (ɸ2) with a low non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) value. In C2 cluster, Polesana (V7) also showed high performance, whereas Coussouls (V8) recorded the lowest values. In the C1 cluster, although V4 remained the best performer, the V8 variety showed improved agronomic traits and photosynthetic efficiency, adapting well to different soil conditions. Conclusion The varieties Marais de Luçon (V4), Polesana (V7), and Coussouls (V8) represent promising candidates for targeted selection. V4 combines high productivity with stable performance across different soil environments; V7 performs best in nutrient-rich soils, while V8’s adaptability to nutrient-poor sandy soils could benefit marginal areas. These findings provide valuable insights for breeding and management to improve alfalfa productivity and sustainability of Mediterranean cropping systems.