Scholarlink

<p>In recent years, the use of plant hormones such as melatonin (MEL), abscisic acid (ABA), and indole butyric acid (IBA) has gained significant attention for their roles in mitigating abiotic stress across various plant species. These hormones have been shown to play vital roles in enhancing the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle and promoting a range of physiological responses, including increased plant growth and biomass, improved photosynthetic efficiency, enhanced antioxidant activity, and reduced oxidative stress in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.).&#xa0;A pot experiment was conducted using agricultural soil artificially contaminated with copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) at concentrations of 0, 100, and 200&#xa0;mg kg⁻¹, treated with MEL (100 µM), ABA (50 µM), and IBA (10 µM). The experiment was conducted for 90 days under controlled greenhouse conditions.&#xa0;Our results revealed that Cu and As toxicity significantly reduced plant growth, gas exchange parameters, the AsA-GSH cycle, cellular fractionation, proline metabolism and rhizosphere microbial diversity in <i>O. sativa</i>. Conversely, heavy metal stress markedly increased oxidative stress biomarkers, as well as the levels and gene expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also health risk indices. The application of MEL, ABA, and IBA significantly enhanced plant growth and biomass by up to 45%, improved gas exchange traits, increased the activity and expression of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and microbial diversity and reduced malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents by 39–42%. Copper and As accumulation in rice tissues declined by 35–48% in plant tissues and also reduced health risk indices by lowering bioaccumulation and estimated dietary metal intake. Furthermore, these treatments improved cellular fractionation, suppressed excessive proline accumulation, and enhanced the AsA–GSH cycle in <i>O. sativa</i> plants.&#xa0;These findings offer new insights into sustainable agricultural practices and present promising strategies for mitigating the adverse effects of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Phytohormonal Modulation of Enzymatic Defense, Microbial Diversity, and Soil Health in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Under Copper and Arsenic Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

查看全文
  • Seham Sater Alhelaify,
  • Rana M. Alshegaihi,
  • Eman Fayad,
  • M. Nasir Khan,
  • Dalal Nasser Binjawhar,
  • Suliman Mohammed Suliman Alghanem,
  • Khalid Ali Khan,
  • Ammara Saleem

摘要

In recent years, the use of plant hormones such as melatonin (MEL), abscisic acid (ABA), and indole butyric acid (IBA) has gained significant attention for their roles in mitigating abiotic stress across various plant species. These hormones have been shown to play vital roles in enhancing the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle and promoting a range of physiological responses, including increased plant growth and biomass, improved photosynthetic efficiency, enhanced antioxidant activity, and reduced oxidative stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). A pot experiment was conducted using agricultural soil artificially contaminated with copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) at concentrations of 0, 100, and 200 mg kg⁻¹, treated with MEL (100 µM), ABA (50 µM), and IBA (10 µM). The experiment was conducted for 90 days under controlled greenhouse conditions. Our results revealed that Cu and As toxicity significantly reduced plant growth, gas exchange parameters, the AsA-GSH cycle, cellular fractionation, proline metabolism and rhizosphere microbial diversity in O. sativa. Conversely, heavy metal stress markedly increased oxidative stress biomarkers, as well as the levels and gene expression of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also health risk indices. The application of MEL, ABA, and IBA significantly enhanced plant growth and biomass by up to 45%, improved gas exchange traits, increased the activity and expression of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and microbial diversity and reduced malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents by 39–42%. Copper and As accumulation in rice tissues declined by 35–48% in plant tissues and also reduced health risk indices by lowering bioaccumulation and estimated dietary metal intake. Furthermore, these treatments improved cellular fractionation, suppressed excessive proline accumulation, and enhanced the AsA–GSH cycle in O. sativa plants. These findings offer new insights into sustainable agricultural practices and present promising strategies for mitigating the adverse effects of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils.