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<p>Sweet basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) is a popular herb known for its medicinal, aromatic, and culinary qualities. However, it is highly susceptible to drought stress, which can significantly reduce its growth and herbage yield, and alter the profile of its secondary metabolites. While silicon (Si) applied to the soil and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) applied as a foliar spray have individually exhibited potential to boost growth, herbage yield, and biochemical metabolism in drought-stressed sweet basil, their combined or synergistic effects remain largely uninvestigated. This study aimed at evaluating the potential of soil-applied Si and foliar-applied MeJA, used separately and together, to mitigate the negative impacts of drought on sweet basil.&#xa0;A polyhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design including three factors, such as three Si doses (0, 30, and 60&#xa0;kg ha<sup>–1</sup>), three MeJA doses (0, 0.25, and 0.50 mM), and three soil water content levels (50, 75, and 100% field capacity [FC]). Silicon was applied to the soil in the form of monosilicic acid (H<sub>4</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>), a water-soluble and plant-available form of Si, and MeJA was sprayed on foliage.&#xa0;A significant reductions in shoot height (23–40%), leaf area (56–67%), shoot dry matter (29–51%), fresh shoot biomass (53–58%), fresh herbage yield (51–64%), water productivity (29–39%), net photosynthetic rate (23–50%), and stomatal conductance (33–67%) were observed at 50% FC as compared to 100% FC across varying doses of Si and MeJA. The combined application of 60&#xa0;kg Si ha<sup>–1</sup> and 0.25 mM MeJA outperformed all other treatment combinations, resulting in an increase of 82% in leaf area, 121% in fresh herbage yield, 158% in shoot dry matter, 64% in water productivity, 208% in net photosynthetic rate, 61% in phenolic content, and 138% in flavonoid content at 50% FC as compared to the untreated plants under the same soil moisture conditions. This combination demonstrated superior plant performance at 75% FC for certain parameters as compared to the control plants grown at 100% FC, highlighting the drought-mitigating potential of Si and MeJA in sweet basil production.&#xa0;These findings indicate that exogenous application of Si (60&#xa0;kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) to the soil and MeJA (0.25 mM) as a foliar spray may be a promising strategy to enhance drought resilience and optimize the growth of sweet basil plants under both optimal and water-limited conditions.</p>

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Exogenous Application of Silicon and Methyl Jasmonate Alleviates Drought-Induced Stress in Sweet Basil Plants by Improving Morpho-Physio-Biochemical Attributes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • Arindam Biswas,
  • Deepranjan Sarkar,
  • Hayat Ullah,
  • Sushil Kumar Himanshu,
  • Patchara Praseartkul,
  • Rujira Tisarum,
  • Suriyan Cha-um,
  • Avishek Datta

摘要

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a popular herb known for its medicinal, aromatic, and culinary qualities. However, it is highly susceptible to drought stress, which can significantly reduce its growth and herbage yield, and alter the profile of its secondary metabolites. While silicon (Si) applied to the soil and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) applied as a foliar spray have individually exhibited potential to boost growth, herbage yield, and biochemical metabolism in drought-stressed sweet basil, their combined or synergistic effects remain largely uninvestigated. This study aimed at evaluating the potential of soil-applied Si and foliar-applied MeJA, used separately and together, to mitigate the negative impacts of drought on sweet basil. A polyhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design including three factors, such as three Si doses (0, 30, and 60 kg ha–1), three MeJA doses (0, 0.25, and 0.50 mM), and three soil water content levels (50, 75, and 100% field capacity [FC]). Silicon was applied to the soil in the form of monosilicic acid (H4SiO4), a water-soluble and plant-available form of Si, and MeJA was sprayed on foliage. A significant reductions in shoot height (23–40%), leaf area (56–67%), shoot dry matter (29–51%), fresh shoot biomass (53–58%), fresh herbage yield (51–64%), water productivity (29–39%), net photosynthetic rate (23–50%), and stomatal conductance (33–67%) were observed at 50% FC as compared to 100% FC across varying doses of Si and MeJA. The combined application of 60 kg Si ha–1 and 0.25 mM MeJA outperformed all other treatment combinations, resulting in an increase of 82% in leaf area, 121% in fresh herbage yield, 158% in shoot dry matter, 64% in water productivity, 208% in net photosynthetic rate, 61% in phenolic content, and 138% in flavonoid content at 50% FC as compared to the untreated plants under the same soil moisture conditions. This combination demonstrated superior plant performance at 75% FC for certain parameters as compared to the control plants grown at 100% FC, highlighting the drought-mitigating potential of Si and MeJA in sweet basil production. These findings indicate that exogenous application of Si (60 kg ha–1) to the soil and MeJA (0.25 mM) as a foliar spray may be a promising strategy to enhance drought resilience and optimize the growth of sweet basil plants under both optimal and water-limited conditions.