<p>Conventional P fertilizers, like di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), are highly reactive in alkaline calcareous soils, and exhibit low phosphorus use efficiency (PUE <i>~</i> 20%), which make them economically unviable for crop production. Integrated use of mineral phosphate fertilizers and organic manure could increase P availability to plants, leading to higher fertilizer efficiency. With the aim to achieve higher PUE, two novel phosphate fertilizers, one containing manure (2%), silicon (20&#xa0;mg kg<sup>− 1</sup>), selenium (10&#xa0;mg kg<sup>− 1</sup>) and phosphate (16% P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) (referred to as nutrient-enriched manure (NEM) phosphate) while the other containing all the components except manure (referred to as single super phosphate plus; SSP Plus), were developed and evaluated for rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L) production in comparison to di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and SSP using <sup>32</sup>P tracer technique. In lab study, the fertilizers were analyzed for diffusible P-ions (Pr, plant available P) using <sup>32</sup>P dilution assay and Freundlich kinetic equation. The results revealed higher Pr in NEM-P treated soil, followed by SSP-Plus, SSP and the least for DAP. Consequently, the P derived from fertilizer (Pdff) by rice shoot was highest for NEM-P (43%), followed by SSP-Plus (35%). The concentration of N, P and K were highest in shoot and grains of NEM-P fertilized rice plants, which were positively related to the increase in pigment contents, biochemical parameters (total soluble proteins, sugars and amino acids) and agronomic traits. These positive effects were translated into significantly higher grain yield by NEM-P application, followed by SSP-Plus, as compared to the other P fertilizers. It is concluded that NEM-P fertilizer, owing to acidic nature and impregnation of manure and beneficial elements, proved efficient over commercial P fertilizers for supplying higher plant available P and improving yield of yield attributes of flooded rice.</p>

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Manure-enriched Acidic Phosphate Fertilizer Improves Paddy Yield Over the Conventional Phosphate Fertilizers on a Calcisol

  • Ayesha Siddique,
  • Muhammad Akhtar,
  • Muhammad Saleem,
  • Tahir Hussain Awan,
  • Asif Naeem

摘要

Conventional P fertilizers, like di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), are highly reactive in alkaline calcareous soils, and exhibit low phosphorus use efficiency (PUE ~ 20%), which make them economically unviable for crop production. Integrated use of mineral phosphate fertilizers and organic manure could increase P availability to plants, leading to higher fertilizer efficiency. With the aim to achieve higher PUE, two novel phosphate fertilizers, one containing manure (2%), silicon (20 mg kg− 1), selenium (10 mg kg− 1) and phosphate (16% P2O5) (referred to as nutrient-enriched manure (NEM) phosphate) while the other containing all the components except manure (referred to as single super phosphate plus; SSP Plus), were developed and evaluated for rice (Oryza sativa L) production in comparison to di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and SSP using 32P tracer technique. In lab study, the fertilizers were analyzed for diffusible P-ions (Pr, plant available P) using 32P dilution assay and Freundlich kinetic equation. The results revealed higher Pr in NEM-P treated soil, followed by SSP-Plus, SSP and the least for DAP. Consequently, the P derived from fertilizer (Pdff) by rice shoot was highest for NEM-P (43%), followed by SSP-Plus (35%). The concentration of N, P and K were highest in shoot and grains of NEM-P fertilized rice plants, which were positively related to the increase in pigment contents, biochemical parameters (total soluble proteins, sugars and amino acids) and agronomic traits. These positive effects were translated into significantly higher grain yield by NEM-P application, followed by SSP-Plus, as compared to the other P fertilizers. It is concluded that NEM-P fertilizer, owing to acidic nature and impregnation of manure and beneficial elements, proved efficient over commercial P fertilizers for supplying higher plant available P and improving yield of yield attributes of flooded rice.