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Purpose <p>Information on the moisture sensitivity of potassium (K) extractants in Indian soils is lacking. An extractant should be identified that maintains consistent K extractability from moist to air-dried soils and correlates with plant uptake.</p> Methods <p>Different extractants viz. 1&#xa0;M ammonium acetate (NH<sub>4</sub>OAc), 0.05&#xa0;M barium chloride (BaCl<sub>2</sub>), 0.1&#xa0;M sodium acetate (NaOAc), 0.1&#xa0;M nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>), Mehlich-1 (0.05&#xa0;M HCl + 0.0125 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>), cold sulphuric acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>), and 0.01&#xa0;M organic acid mixture (OAM: mixture of 0.0025&#xa0;M each of citric, malic, tartaric, and oxalic acids) were compared for K extraction between field-moist and air-dried soils. Three red, one black, and three alluvial soils were collected from seven states of India and a greenhouse experiment was conducted with wheat. Four harvesting, and plant and soil sampling were done during 45–60 days after sowing. Moist and air-dried soils were extracted for K.</p> Results <p>Potassium extractability with different extractants increased linearly with soil moisture, though slopes varied. Acidic extractants (OAM, cold H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, HNO<sub>3</sub>, Mehlich-1) showed less difference between moist and air-dried soils compared to salt-based extractants (NH<sub>4</sub>OAc, BaCl<sub>2</sub>, NaOAc), with the OAM showing the least deviation. Only cold H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and the OAM consistently correlated with plant K uptake in both moist and air-dried soils.</p> Conclusion <p>Due to the consistency in extracted K from moist and air-dried samples of seven different soils and their alignment with plant K uptake, OAM and cold H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> are suitable extractants for plant-available K, showing low sensitivity to soil moisture changes.</p>

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Identifying Optimal Extractants for Plant-Available Potassium that Remain Effective Despite Soil Moisture Fluctuations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月21日

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  • Himanshu Singh,
  • Mandira Barman,
  • Debarup Das,
  • Karnena Koteswara Rao,
  • Debmalya Sarkar,
  • Kiran Karthik Raj,
  • Vinod Kumar Sharma,
  • Tapas Kumar Das

摘要

Purpose

Information on the moisture sensitivity of potassium (K) extractants in Indian soils is lacking. An extractant should be identified that maintains consistent K extractability from moist to air-dried soils and correlates with plant uptake.

Methods

Different extractants viz. 1 M ammonium acetate (NH4OAc), 0.05 M barium chloride (BaCl2), 0.1 M sodium acetate (NaOAc), 0.1 M nitric acid (HNO3), Mehlich-1 (0.05 M HCl + 0.0125 M H2SO4), cold sulphuric acid (H2SO4), and 0.01 M organic acid mixture (OAM: mixture of 0.0025 M each of citric, malic, tartaric, and oxalic acids) were compared for K extraction between field-moist and air-dried soils. Three red, one black, and three alluvial soils were collected from seven states of India and a greenhouse experiment was conducted with wheat. Four harvesting, and plant and soil sampling were done during 45–60 days after sowing. Moist and air-dried soils were extracted for K.

Results

Potassium extractability with different extractants increased linearly with soil moisture, though slopes varied. Acidic extractants (OAM, cold H2SO4, HNO3, Mehlich-1) showed less difference between moist and air-dried soils compared to salt-based extractants (NH4OAc, BaCl2, NaOAc), with the OAM showing the least deviation. Only cold H2SO4 and the OAM consistently correlated with plant K uptake in both moist and air-dried soils.

Conclusion

Due to the consistency in extracted K from moist and air-dried samples of seven different soils and their alignment with plant K uptake, OAM and cold H2SO4 are suitable extractants for plant-available K, showing low sensitivity to soil moisture changes.