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Purpose <p>Regenerative agricultural practices involving crop residue (CR) retention are key to mitigating climate change. There exists a research gap for delineating the effect of bio-composition of different CR on their decomposition kinetics, and in turn soil organic carbon (SOC) build-up.</p> Methods <p>Rice, maize, pearl millet, cotton, soybean, moong bean, pigeon pea, and <i>Sesbania</i> CR were collected, characterized for bio-composition, and added in a Typic Haplustept soil, followed by a 128 days long incubation experiment in 25 and 35&#xa0;°C, with periodical C mineralization. The post incubation soil was examined for SOC build-up.</p> Results <p>The <i>Sesbania</i> CR had the lowest C/N ratio, and least amounts of lignin, cellulose, and polyphenol, translating into the highest Plant residue quality index (PRQI) followed by moong bean. Conversely cotton reported lowest PRQI, with intermediate values pertaining to cereal CR. The decomposition followed a two-pool model. The highest cumulative C mineralization was reported from the moong bean CR indicating non-limitation of labile C, and its’ decay rates. A temperature elevation enhanced the decomposition rate constants, resulting in greater C mineralization from both labile and recalcitrant C. The PRQI had a direct bearing on the labile SOC build-up. The <i>Sesbania</i> CR by virtue of its greater quality, high decomposability, and greater contents of C, N, P and S were favorably immobilized in microbial cell structures, instead of conversion to CO<sub>2</sub>, and reflected in improvement in labile SOC.</p> Conclusions <p>The retention of <i>Sesbania</i> CR, by virtue of its low levels of cellulose, lignin, and polyphenol, and a narrow C/N ratio is ideal for SOC improvement in regenerative agriculture. The cellulose is a deciding factor for temperature sensitivity of CR decomposition, especially that of the recalcitrant C contained therein.</p>

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Non-abundance of Cellulose and Lignin in Crop Residue Biomass Increases Decomposability and Lowers Temperature Sensitivity of the Process and Helps in Labile Soil Organic Carbon build-up

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Deepak Bamel,
  • Abir Dey,
  • Bijan Kumar Mondal,
  • Ranjan Bhattacharyya,
  • Debarup Das,
  • Shrila Das,
  • Tapas Kumar Das,
  • Amit Kumar Dash

摘要

Purpose

Regenerative agricultural practices involving crop residue (CR) retention are key to mitigating climate change. There exists a research gap for delineating the effect of bio-composition of different CR on their decomposition kinetics, and in turn soil organic carbon (SOC) build-up.

Methods

Rice, maize, pearl millet, cotton, soybean, moong bean, pigeon pea, and Sesbania CR were collected, characterized for bio-composition, and added in a Typic Haplustept soil, followed by a 128 days long incubation experiment in 25 and 35 °C, with periodical C mineralization. The post incubation soil was examined for SOC build-up.

Results

The Sesbania CR had the lowest C/N ratio, and least amounts of lignin, cellulose, and polyphenol, translating into the highest Plant residue quality index (PRQI) followed by moong bean. Conversely cotton reported lowest PRQI, with intermediate values pertaining to cereal CR. The decomposition followed a two-pool model. The highest cumulative C mineralization was reported from the moong bean CR indicating non-limitation of labile C, and its’ decay rates. A temperature elevation enhanced the decomposition rate constants, resulting in greater C mineralization from both labile and recalcitrant C. The PRQI had a direct bearing on the labile SOC build-up. The Sesbania CR by virtue of its greater quality, high decomposability, and greater contents of C, N, P and S were favorably immobilized in microbial cell structures, instead of conversion to CO2, and reflected in improvement in labile SOC.

Conclusions

The retention of Sesbania CR, by virtue of its low levels of cellulose, lignin, and polyphenol, and a narrow C/N ratio is ideal for SOC improvement in regenerative agriculture. The cellulose is a deciding factor for temperature sensitivity of CR decomposition, especially that of the recalcitrant C contained therein.