<p>To combat the nutrient need of plants and to fulfill the food requirements of ever growing and expanding population, high yield chemical fertilizers are being used injudiciously worldwide. To combat the nutrient need of plants and to fulfill the food requirements high-yield chemical fertilizers are being used injudiciously worldwide. The uncontrolled use of these chemical fertilizers pollutes the environment and leads to residue on agricultural products, which affect ecosystem and also produce detrimental impacts on soil quality. Further, the uncontrolled release of nutrients from these chemical fertilizers causes low nutrient use efficiency and leads to their quick environmental release, which aggravates environmental contamination. Therefore, there is a need for the improvement of fertilizers in order to achieve more efficiency and to limit their environmental impact. This can be achieved by the use of smart and efficient fertilizers, which enhance crop production and reduce nutrient deficiency by amending nutrients with materials that restrict their fast release. To achieve this, macro and micronutrients can be doped with hydroxyapatite, zeolite, chitosan, biochar, and clay which reduces the release rate of nutrients. The aim of this review paper is to identify suitable material for the efficient release of different macro and micronutrients and thus can help in preparing ideal composites for sustainable agriculture.</p>