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<p>The current study evaluates the effect of seed priming in orange peel extract (OPE) and/or biogenic silver nanoparticles (SNP) on flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.) at different growth stages. The prepared OPE was subjected to phytochemical analysis before being used for SNP synthesis. Flax seeds were then primed in OPE and/or SNP; and their germination, seedling vigor, vegetative growth and yield were assessed. Owing to its reducing power and antioxidant activity, OPE mediated the synthesis and stabilization of SNP. Purification and capping by triton-X100 resulted in spherical nanoparticles with average size of 33&#xa0;nm and zeta potential of -17.8 mV. Priming flax seeds in low, moderate and high concentrations of OPE and/or SNP significantly affected flax performance. Except high SNP concentration, all treatments enhanced flax germination and seedling growth. In the 7-day old seedlings, saturated fatty acids decreased while unsaturated acids increased by almost all treatments. Vegetative growth of 120-day old plants was also studied. Except high SNP and high SNP + OPE concentrations, all treatments enhanced shoot and root growth as well as photosynthetic efficiency (chloroplast ultrastructure, pigment content, photosystem II activity and carbohydrate fractions). Moreover, seed priming regulated membrane features, antioxidant enzymes and active metabolites. At maturity, plant height, technical length, fruiting zone length as well as the number of fruiting and non-fruiting tillers of 180-day old plants fluctuated with treatments. Yield attributes (biological, economic, crop and straw yield as well as thousand-seed weight and harvest index) were also affected. Thus, seed priming in 12.5&#xa0;g L<sup>− 1</sup> OPE and/or 40 mg L<sup>− 1</sup> SNP can be recommended as an economic green approach to enhance flax productivity.</p>

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Enhancing Flax Germination, Seedling Vigor, Vegetative Growth and Yield by Orange Peel Extract and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月18日

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  • Bardees M. Mickky

摘要

The current study evaluates the effect of seed priming in orange peel extract (OPE) and/or biogenic silver nanoparticles (SNP) on flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) at different growth stages. The prepared OPE was subjected to phytochemical analysis before being used for SNP synthesis. Flax seeds were then primed in OPE and/or SNP; and their germination, seedling vigor, vegetative growth and yield were assessed. Owing to its reducing power and antioxidant activity, OPE mediated the synthesis and stabilization of SNP. Purification and capping by triton-X100 resulted in spherical nanoparticles with average size of 33 nm and zeta potential of -17.8 mV. Priming flax seeds in low, moderate and high concentrations of OPE and/or SNP significantly affected flax performance. Except high SNP concentration, all treatments enhanced flax germination and seedling growth. In the 7-day old seedlings, saturated fatty acids decreased while unsaturated acids increased by almost all treatments. Vegetative growth of 120-day old plants was also studied. Except high SNP and high SNP + OPE concentrations, all treatments enhanced shoot and root growth as well as photosynthetic efficiency (chloroplast ultrastructure, pigment content, photosystem II activity and carbohydrate fractions). Moreover, seed priming regulated membrane features, antioxidant enzymes and active metabolites. At maturity, plant height, technical length, fruiting zone length as well as the number of fruiting and non-fruiting tillers of 180-day old plants fluctuated with treatments. Yield attributes (biological, economic, crop and straw yield as well as thousand-seed weight and harvest index) were also affected. Thus, seed priming in 12.5 g L− 1 OPE and/or 40 mg L− 1 SNP can be recommended as an economic green approach to enhance flax productivity.