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<p>Phosphorus (P) uptake in plants is reduced under water deficiency, which negatively affects plant growth. However, interaction of soil moisture and P deficiency affects morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of plants is still little known. This study investigates the physiological and biochemical responses of maize hybrids under the interaction of moisture and P deficiency. Various levels of water (&gt; 80% field capacity (FC), 60%FC, 40%FC) and phosphorus (P100, P50, P0) were applied to two maize hybrids. The shoot and root characteristics, and P contents in both cultivars were decreased under the interaction of water and P deficiency (60% and 40%FC with P50 or P0). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein, free proline, and total reducing sugar were increased with decreasing water and P-supply but response of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) remained inconsistent. The significant upregulation of <i>ZmNAC111</i> was noted under 40%FC with P100 treatment, but no such effects were recorded under 100%FC under P treatments in both cultivars. The expression of <i>ZmPHR1.1</i> and <i>ZmPHR1.2</i> was increased with reducing P supply, but higher expression was observed at P0 at 60% and 40%FC, which indicates these are key genes for P-deficiency tolerance. Overall, P0 with 60% or 40%FC caused severe reductions in growth traits among P application levels, but 40%FC was most destructive with all levels of P-supply. These results would be helpful to understand drought and low P tolerance mechanisms of maize, and provide future directions for regulation of responsive genes for developing tolerant maize cultivars.</p>

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Contrasting Growth Patterns, Root Trait Plasticity, Phosphorus Uptake, and Antioxidant Responses in Maize Hybrids under Water and Phosphorus Deficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月9日

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  • Hafiz Athar Hussain,
  • Qingwen Zhang,
  • Qurat ul Ain,
  • Saddam Hussain,
  • Saleem Uddin,
  • Rubab Zahra Naqvi,
  • Rana Muhammad Atif,
  • Muhammad Ahmad,
  • Asma Imran

摘要

Phosphorus (P) uptake in plants is reduced under water deficiency, which negatively affects plant growth. However, interaction of soil moisture and P deficiency affects morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of plants is still little known. This study investigates the physiological and biochemical responses of maize hybrids under the interaction of moisture and P deficiency. Various levels of water (> 80% field capacity (FC), 60%FC, 40%FC) and phosphorus (P100, P50, P0) were applied to two maize hybrids. The shoot and root characteristics, and P contents in both cultivars were decreased under the interaction of water and P deficiency (60% and 40%FC with P50 or P0). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein, free proline, and total reducing sugar were increased with decreasing water and P-supply but response of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) remained inconsistent. The significant upregulation of ZmNAC111 was noted under 40%FC with P100 treatment, but no such effects were recorded under 100%FC under P treatments in both cultivars. The expression of ZmPHR1.1 and ZmPHR1.2 was increased with reducing P supply, but higher expression was observed at P0 at 60% and 40%FC, which indicates these are key genes for P-deficiency tolerance. Overall, P0 with 60% or 40%FC caused severe reductions in growth traits among P application levels, but 40%FC was most destructive with all levels of P-supply. These results would be helpful to understand drought and low P tolerance mechanisms of maize, and provide future directions for regulation of responsive genes for developing tolerant maize cultivars.