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<p>Soil management is essential to increase the effectiveness of potassium (K) fertilization. This study assessed the long-term impacts of tillage systems and liming combinations on winter and summer crop yields, K use efficiency, and soil K forms in a subtropical Ferralsol. A long-term experiment was established in 1987 testing conventional tillage with lime (CT-lime) and without lime (CT-control), no-tillage (NT) with surface lime (NT-lime), incorporated lime (NT-incorporated lime), and without liming (NT-control). Cumulative grain yields were analyzed separately for each season, encompassing 26 soybean and 8 corn crops during summer, and 10 wheat, 8 barley, and 7 white oats crops during winter. The partial factor productivity of K (PFP) was evaluated. The soil was sampled in 2019 to evaluate soil K forms. Over 32 years, liming increased grain yields, with 41% in summer crops (165 vs. 117 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) and 64% in winter crops (92 vs. 56 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup>). In summer, NT-control yielded 17 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup> more than CT-control, and NT-lime yielded 16 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup> more than CT-lime. Liming and NT combined to boost summer crop yields by 57%. The PFP for corn, soybeans, white oats, wheat, and barley increased 49, 93, 30, 56, and 60% respectively in the limed treatments. On topsoil, the NT-control plots showed higher levels of available K, extracted with Na-TPB, and potentially available K compared to CT-lime. These findings highlight the importance of liming and NT for high summer and winter crop yields and improved K use efficiency in crop rotations.</p>

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Long-term Impact of Tillage Systems and Liming on Grain Yield and Soil Potassium Dynamics in a Crop Rotation System

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • Gustavo Pesini,
  • Sandra M. V. Fontoura,
  • Vítor G. Ambrosini,
  • Lucas A. Alves,
  • João Pedro M. Flores,
  • Cimélio Bayer,
  • Tales Tiecher

摘要

Soil management is essential to increase the effectiveness of potassium (K) fertilization. This study assessed the long-term impacts of tillage systems and liming combinations on winter and summer crop yields, K use efficiency, and soil K forms in a subtropical Ferralsol. A long-term experiment was established in 1987 testing conventional tillage with lime (CT-lime) and without lime (CT-control), no-tillage (NT) with surface lime (NT-lime), incorporated lime (NT-incorporated lime), and without liming (NT-control). Cumulative grain yields were analyzed separately for each season, encompassing 26 soybean and 8 corn crops during summer, and 10 wheat, 8 barley, and 7 white oats crops during winter. The partial factor productivity of K (PFP) was evaluated. The soil was sampled in 2019 to evaluate soil K forms. Over 32 years, liming increased grain yields, with 41% in summer crops (165 vs. 117 Mg ha− 1) and 64% in winter crops (92 vs. 56 Mg ha− 1). In summer, NT-control yielded 17 Mg ha− 1 more than CT-control, and NT-lime yielded 16 Mg ha− 1 more than CT-lime. Liming and NT combined to boost summer crop yields by 57%. The PFP for corn, soybeans, white oats, wheat, and barley increased 49, 93, 30, 56, and 60% respectively in the limed treatments. On topsoil, the NT-control plots showed higher levels of available K, extracted with Na-TPB, and potentially available K compared to CT-lime. These findings highlight the importance of liming and NT for high summer and winter crop yields and improved K use efficiency in crop rotations.