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<p>The present study aimed to identify geographical locations in the North-Western Himalayas for the extension of saffron cultivation. The relationship between climatic conditions, soil properties, and saffron cultivation needs to be studied to identify new areas for saffron cultivation, in order to fill in the gap between demand and production. Field trials were conducted for three successive years, i.e. 2018–2021 at seven different non-traditional locations of the Pir Panjal range of the North-Western Himalayas. The morphological parameters of the saffron plant, daughter corm number, overall yield, and stigma quality along with soil properties were recorded. The relationship between plant parameters such as yield and quality and environmental factors including flowering month temperature, humidity, rainfall, along with soil properties like soil texture, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content was studied.&#xa0;Saffron yield, quality and other plant parameters such as shoot number and length, root number and length, leaf number, and daughter corm number were significantly higher at L2 location Mandi&#xa0;(Baila). Location L2 with altitude 1580&#xa0;m asl, annual rainfall &gt; 1000&#xa0;mm, sandy loam soil texture, and high nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) content was found to be most suited for saffron cultivation. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated positive correlation between yield and other factors such as rainfall, altitude and soil NPK content.&#xa0;Based on these results, conditions such as high altitude (&gt; 600&#xa0;m asl), sandy to clay-loam soil texture, soil's&#xa0;high organic carbon&#xa0;(OC) and NPK&#xa0;content, soil's&#xa0;pH ranging from 6.8 to 7.8&#xa0;with low electrical conductivity (EC) (&lt; 2.0 dSm<sup>−1</sup>),&#xa0;environmental&#xa0;temperature &lt; 17 ֯C in October-November, and rain in September (before flowering) are recommended for the extension of saffron cultivation to non-traditional areas that helps to fill the gap between production and demand.&#xa0;</p>

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Saffron Yield and Quality Response Under Varying Altitude, Climate, and Soil Properties in the Pir Panjal Range in North-Western Himalayas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月28日

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  • Tahir Ali,
  • Ritika Mansotra,
  • Shivali Sharma,
  • Nancy Bhagat,
  • Jyoti Vakhlu

摘要

The present study aimed to identify geographical locations in the North-Western Himalayas for the extension of saffron cultivation. The relationship between climatic conditions, soil properties, and saffron cultivation needs to be studied to identify new areas for saffron cultivation, in order to fill in the gap between demand and production. Field trials were conducted for three successive years, i.e. 2018–2021 at seven different non-traditional locations of the Pir Panjal range of the North-Western Himalayas. The morphological parameters of the saffron plant, daughter corm number, overall yield, and stigma quality along with soil properties were recorded. The relationship between plant parameters such as yield and quality and environmental factors including flowering month temperature, humidity, rainfall, along with soil properties like soil texture, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content was studied. Saffron yield, quality and other plant parameters such as shoot number and length, root number and length, leaf number, and daughter corm number were significantly higher at L2 location Mandi (Baila). Location L2 with altitude 1580 m asl, annual rainfall > 1000 mm, sandy loam soil texture, and high nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) content was found to be most suited for saffron cultivation. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated positive correlation between yield and other factors such as rainfall, altitude and soil NPK content. Based on these results, conditions such as high altitude (> 600 m asl), sandy to clay-loam soil texture, soil's high organic carbon (OC) and NPK content, soil's pH ranging from 6.8 to 7.8 with low electrical conductivity (EC) (< 2.0 dSm−1), environmental temperature < 17 ֯C in October-November, and rain in September (before flowering) are recommended for the extension of saffron cultivation to non-traditional areas that helps to fill the gap between production and demand.