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<p>The coexistence of alien species reduces the cover and diversity of native species. <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> L. has been documented as a naturalized alien weed. This study aimed to assess the potential interference of such species with the native urban vegetation. Thirty plots were conducted in sites affected by <i>E</i>. <i>hirta</i> and compared with an equal number of plots located outside these areas. Plant cover, species diversity, and various soil characteristics were measured at the study sites. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to demonstrate the effect of rhizosphere soil from alien species on specific native plants, namely <i>Cynodon dactylon</i>, <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i>, and <i>Melilotus indicus</i>. Plots with <i>E</i>. <i>hirta</i> demonstrated low cover of annuals compared to perennial species. The presence of <i>Euphorbia</i> negatively affected species evenness, total cover, and biomass of native plants. Soils infested with <i>E. hirta</i> exhibited a significant reduction in both macro- and micronutrients. Principal component analysis (PCA) categorized the field criteria into two groups: plants with and without <i>Euphorbia</i>. Furthermore, the rhizosphere soil of <i>Euphorbia</i> significantly inhibited the growth of the native-tested species. The reduction observed in the measured vegetation criteria could be attributed to nutrient deficiency in soil induced by <i>E</i>. <i>hirta</i>. The allelopathic potential of this exotic species did not affect the native plants. These results suggest that <i>E</i>. <i>hirta</i> may be a stronger competitor than the native species. In addition, these species may pose a long-term threat to urban vegetation.</p>

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Alien Euphorbia hirta L. Induces Soil Sickness and Reduces Cover and Diversity of Native Species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail,
  • Suliman Mohammed Suliman Alghanem,
  • Sami Asir Al-Robai,
  • Howida Y. Mohamed,
  • Maha H. Khalaf,
  • Sanad M. Alsobeai,
  • Amany H. A. Abeed,
  • Mahmoud O. Hassan

摘要

The coexistence of alien species reduces the cover and diversity of native species. Euphorbia hirta L. has been documented as a naturalized alien weed. This study aimed to assess the potential interference of such species with the native urban vegetation. Thirty plots were conducted in sites affected by E. hirta and compared with an equal number of plots located outside these areas. Plant cover, species diversity, and various soil characteristics were measured at the study sites. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to demonstrate the effect of rhizosphere soil from alien species on specific native plants, namely Cynodon dactylon, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, and Melilotus indicus. Plots with E. hirta demonstrated low cover of annuals compared to perennial species. The presence of Euphorbia negatively affected species evenness, total cover, and biomass of native plants. Soils infested with E. hirta exhibited a significant reduction in both macro- and micronutrients. Principal component analysis (PCA) categorized the field criteria into two groups: plants with and without Euphorbia. Furthermore, the rhizosphere soil of Euphorbia significantly inhibited the growth of the native-tested species. The reduction observed in the measured vegetation criteria could be attributed to nutrient deficiency in soil induced by E. hirta. The allelopathic potential of this exotic species did not affect the native plants. These results suggest that E. hirta may be a stronger competitor than the native species. In addition, these species may pose a long-term threat to urban vegetation.