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<p>Fruit flies (Tephritidae) are among the most destructive pests of cucurbit crops, causing significant yield and quality losses. In the Ruzizi Plain (eastern Democratic Republic of Congo), the species composition and infestation dynamics of these species remained undocumented. This study assessed the diversity and infestation levels of fruit flies on cucumber, watermelon, and squash across three sites: Luvungi, Sange, and Kiliba. Six species were recorded, with <i>Dacus frontalis</i> and <i>Dacus vertebratus</i> emerging as the most dominant. <i>D. vertebratus</i> showed a strong preference for cucumber (infestation rate: 3.660), followed by <i>D. frontalis</i> (2.679), while squash showed the lowest levels of infestation. <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> exhibited minimal infestation (0.508), reflecting its primary association with tree fruits. The Shannon–Wiener index (H′ = 1.733) indicated moderate to high species diversity. Multivariate analysis revealed crop-specific assemblages and interspecific interactions, especially between <i>D. frontalis</i> and <i>B. dorsalis</i>. The first formal detection of <i>D. vertebratus</i> and <i>D. frontalis</i> in this region suggests possible ecological range expansion. These findings highlight the need for targeted pest control strategies, particularly for cucumber, integrating species-specific behaviours, host preference, and local agroecological factors. Future research should explore climate impacts, parasitoid activity, pheromone traps, and push-pull methods to improve integrated pest management.</p>

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First record of dacus vertebratus, dacus frontalis and initial observations on zeugodacus cucurbitae in the ruzizi plain, albertine rift zone, DRC

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Jean Augustin Kituta Rubabura,
  • David Mugisho Bugeme,
  • Marcellin Cuma Cokola,
  • Aimé H. Bokonon-Ganta,
  • Lucy Kananu Murungi,
  • Espoir Basengere Bisimwa

摘要

Fruit flies (Tephritidae) are among the most destructive pests of cucurbit crops, causing significant yield and quality losses. In the Ruzizi Plain (eastern Democratic Republic of Congo), the species composition and infestation dynamics of these species remained undocumented. This study assessed the diversity and infestation levels of fruit flies on cucumber, watermelon, and squash across three sites: Luvungi, Sange, and Kiliba. Six species were recorded, with Dacus frontalis and Dacus vertebratus emerging as the most dominant. D. vertebratus showed a strong preference for cucumber (infestation rate: 3.660), followed by D. frontalis (2.679), while squash showed the lowest levels of infestation. Bactrocera dorsalis exhibited minimal infestation (0.508), reflecting its primary association with tree fruits. The Shannon–Wiener index (H′ = 1.733) indicated moderate to high species diversity. Multivariate analysis revealed crop-specific assemblages and interspecific interactions, especially between D. frontalis and B. dorsalis. The first formal detection of D. vertebratus and D. frontalis in this region suggests possible ecological range expansion. These findings highlight the need for targeted pest control strategies, particularly for cucumber, integrating species-specific behaviours, host preference, and local agroecological factors. Future research should explore climate impacts, parasitoid activity, pheromone traps, and push-pull methods to improve integrated pest management.