<p>The family Sphingidae (Lepidoptera), commonly known as hawkmoths, plays a crucial ecological role as nocturnal pollinators and bioindicators of environmental health. Despite their importance, these insects remain understudied in many biodiverse regions, including Northeast India. This study presents a preliminary geospatial inventory of Sphingidae diversity in Assam, a key component of the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. Using historical records, taxonomic literature, and open-source georeferenced data, we compiled a checklist of 65 Sphingidae species from India, of which 42 are documented from Assam. The subfamily Macroglossinae exhibited the highest number of reported species, followed by Smerinthinae and Sphinginae. Distributional mapping using QGIS revealed a higher density of documented records in the northeastern states and the Western Ghats, while other regions showed sparse documentation, likely reflecting uneven survey effort rather than true ecological absence. District-level analysis within Assam indicates concentrated reporting in Tinsukia, Hailakandi, Karimganj, Golaghat, and Kamrup Metropolitan. Notably, all 65 species currently remain “Not Evaluated” (NE) under the IUCN Red List and are not listed under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (WPA), 2022. GIS-based mapping provides a scalable framework for visualizing historical distribution patterns and identifying under-sampled zones for future field validation. Given the lack of formal conservation status and mounting anthropogenic pressures, we recommend targeted district-level surveys, integration of molecular barcoding, and community-based monitoring to refine species records and inform evidence-based conservation planning for these ecologically vital nocturnal pollinators.</p>