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<p>Ixodid ticks are economically very detrimental to cattle since they can reduce productivity as a vector of disease and cause death. Therefore, the current study was aimed at assessing the epidemiology of Ixodid ticks in cattle and the in vivo comparative efficacy of commonly used acaricides in the Ofa District, southern Ethiopia, from February 2023 to September 2023. Both a cross-sectional and an experimental study were conducted to estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors by stratified sampling technique on 768 cattle and a field trial on sixty naturally tick-infested cattle to assess the efficacy of deltamethrin and ivermectin, respectively. 64.71% of sampled cattle were infested by one or more Ixodid tick species, and four Ixodid tick genera Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus (subgenus Boophilus), Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma and Haemaphysalis were identified. Totally eight species in chronological order: A. variegatum, Rh. (Boophilus) decoloratus, R. evertsi, A. cohaerens, R. pulchellus, Hy. rufipes, R. sanguineus and Ha. leachi species were identified. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the potential risk factors of Ixodid ticks on cattle. Risk factors like breed, body score, stock size, stock diversity, agro-ecology, and management showed statistically significant positive associations, while a regular tick control program and scavenging chickens were factors with statistically significant but negative associations with Ixodid tick infestation on cattle. Repeated measures of one-way ANOVA and Abbot’s formula was applied to evaluate if there is a significant difference between the means of the treatment groups and the control group with respect to time period and the efficacy of used acaricides, respectively. Deltamethrin and ivermectin showed a statistically significant reduction of ticks’ post-treatment and fulfilled the recommended cut-off point (90%). However, deltamethrin had a shorter residual effect compared to ivermectin. The questionnaire survey showed an 89.71% of the communities are livestock producers, but only 31.67% of the owners were taking their cattle to a veterinary clinic for tick infestation. The community should be aware of Ixodid tick infestation as a serious issue of health, production, and welfare of cattle, and ivermectin was comparatively suggested as an acaricide with strategic selection.</p>

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Epidemiology of ixodid ticks and comparative in-vivo efficacy of deltamethrin and ivermectin in cattle in Ofa District, Southern Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Yosef Shapa,
  • Ephrem Tora,
  • Nejib Mohammed,
  • Wasihun Seyoum

摘要

Ixodid ticks are economically very detrimental to cattle since they can reduce productivity as a vector of disease and cause death. Therefore, the current study was aimed at assessing the epidemiology of Ixodid ticks in cattle and the in vivo comparative efficacy of commonly used acaricides in the Ofa District, southern Ethiopia, from February 2023 to September 2023. Both a cross-sectional and an experimental study were conducted to estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors by stratified sampling technique on 768 cattle and a field trial on sixty naturally tick-infested cattle to assess the efficacy of deltamethrin and ivermectin, respectively. 64.71% of sampled cattle were infested by one or more Ixodid tick species, and four Ixodid tick genera Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus (subgenus Boophilus), Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma and Haemaphysalis were identified. Totally eight species in chronological order: A. variegatum, Rh. (Boophilus) decoloratus, R. evertsi, A. cohaerens, R. pulchellus, Hy. rufipes, R. sanguineus and Ha. leachi species were identified. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the potential risk factors of Ixodid ticks on cattle. Risk factors like breed, body score, stock size, stock diversity, agro-ecology, and management showed statistically significant positive associations, while a regular tick control program and scavenging chickens were factors with statistically significant but negative associations with Ixodid tick infestation on cattle. Repeated measures of one-way ANOVA and Abbot’s formula was applied to evaluate if there is a significant difference between the means of the treatment groups and the control group with respect to time period and the efficacy of used acaricides, respectively. Deltamethrin and ivermectin showed a statistically significant reduction of ticks’ post-treatment and fulfilled the recommended cut-off point (90%). However, deltamethrin had a shorter residual effect compared to ivermectin. The questionnaire survey showed an 89.71% of the communities are livestock producers, but only 31.67% of the owners were taking their cattle to a veterinary clinic for tick infestation. The community should be aware of Ixodid tick infestation as a serious issue of health, production, and welfare of cattle, and ivermectin was comparatively suggested as an acaricide with strategic selection.