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<p>Using eco-friendly pest management approaches such as microbioal and botanical biopesticides has always been considered an effective and sustainable alternative to applying hazardous chemical pesticides. In the present study, we evaluated the contact toxicity of essential oils (EOs) extracted from three plant species (<i>Mentha pulegium</i>,<i> Daucus carota</i> and <i>Eucalyptus globulus</i>) and three pesticides (the two biopesticides <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (<i>Bt</i>), azadirachtin (0.03%) + neem oil (90.5%), and the chemical pesticide abamectin) toward larvae and adults of the olive bud mite, <i>Aceria oleae</i>. Essential oils were tested at concentrations: of 150, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, and 1000&#xa0;µg/mL, while the three pesticides were assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4&#xa0;g/L or mL/L (respectively for <i>Bt</i> and azadiracthin + neem oil), and 0.3125, 0.625, 0.937, 1.25, 1.875, and 2.5 mL/L for abamectin, under controlled laboratory conditions. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analyses identified α-pinene (16.05%), Sabinene (13.81%), Limonene (12.51%), Carotol (8.79%) and Bornyl acetate (8.63%) as the major compounds of <i>D. carota</i>. EOs applied at their highest concentration (1000&#xa0;µg/mL) induced mortality level exceeding 85% for both life stages, 3 days after treatment. Lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values of <i>E. globulus</i>, <i>M. pulegium</i> and <i>D. carota</i> were 522.54, 367.13 and 220.07&#xa0;µg/mL for larvae, respectively, and 645.33, 562.95 and 254.76&#xa0;µg/mL for adults, respectively. Three days after treatment, abamectin applied at 2.5 mL/L induced 100% mortality of either larvae (LC<sub>50</sub>= 0.39 mL/L) or adults (LC<sub>50</sub>= 0.30 mL/L). Whereas, <i>Bt</i> and azadirachtin + neem oil application resulted in higher effectiveness on larvae (&gt; 92% of mortality with a LC<sub>50</sub> of about 1.06&#xa0;g/L and 1.74 mL/L, respectively), compared to adults (± 55% of mortality with a LC<sub>50</sub> of about 3.93&#xa0;g/L and 3.18 mL/L, respectively). Hence, applying these EOs and biopesticides could be recommended as an effective, environmentally sound and sustainable option for controlling <i>A. oleae</i> occurring in Mediterranean olive orchards.</p>

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Toxicity of selected essential oils and pesticides toward the olive bud mite Aceria oleae (Acari: Eriophyidae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Asma Cherif,
  • Ramzi Mansour,
  • Safa Jdir,
  • Sara Ncibi,
  • Kaouthar Grissa-Lebdi

摘要

Using eco-friendly pest management approaches such as microbioal and botanical biopesticides has always been considered an effective and sustainable alternative to applying hazardous chemical pesticides. In the present study, we evaluated the contact toxicity of essential oils (EOs) extracted from three plant species (Mentha pulegium, Daucus carota and Eucalyptus globulus) and three pesticides (the two biopesticides Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), azadirachtin (0.03%) + neem oil (90.5%), and the chemical pesticide abamectin) toward larvae and adults of the olive bud mite, Aceria oleae. Essential oils were tested at concentrations: of 150, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 µg/mL, while the three pesticides were assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/L or mL/L (respectively for Bt and azadiracthin + neem oil), and 0.3125, 0.625, 0.937, 1.25, 1.875, and 2.5 mL/L for abamectin, under controlled laboratory conditions. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analyses identified α-pinene (16.05%), Sabinene (13.81%), Limonene (12.51%), Carotol (8.79%) and Bornyl acetate (8.63%) as the major compounds of D. carota. EOs applied at their highest concentration (1000 µg/mL) induced mortality level exceeding 85% for both life stages, 3 days after treatment. Lethal concentration (LC50) values of E. globulus, M. pulegium and D. carota were 522.54, 367.13 and 220.07 µg/mL for larvae, respectively, and 645.33, 562.95 and 254.76 µg/mL for adults, respectively. Three days after treatment, abamectin applied at 2.5 mL/L induced 100% mortality of either larvae (LC50= 0.39 mL/L) or adults (LC50= 0.30 mL/L). Whereas, Bt and azadirachtin + neem oil application resulted in higher effectiveness on larvae (> 92% of mortality with a LC50 of about 1.06 g/L and 1.74 mL/L, respectively), compared to adults (± 55% of mortality with a LC50 of about 3.93 g/L and 3.18 mL/L, respectively). Hence, applying these EOs and biopesticides could be recommended as an effective, environmentally sound and sustainable option for controlling A. oleae occurring in Mediterranean olive orchards.