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<p><i>Spodoptera litura</i> (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major destructive pest of various economically important crops due to its polyphagous nature. Excessive use of chemical insecticides has led to resistance development and environmental concerns, highlighting the need for eco-friendly biocontrol alternatives such as fungal endophytes. This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of the endophytic fungus, <i>Plectosphaerella</i> sp. (NL5), isolated from <i>Azadirachta indica</i>, against <i>S. litura</i>. Dietary supplementation with the ethyl acetate extract of <i>Plectosphaerella</i> sp. at 25 µL mL<sup>−1</sup> caused 63.33% larval mortality, with LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values of 19.92 and 40.34 µL mL<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The extract delayed larval development and significantly reduced the adult emergence, longevity, and reproductive potential. Fungal metabolites also adversely affected the nutritional physiology of the insect and inhibited the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, chymotrypsin, glucosidases) and detoxifying enzymes (esterases, phosphatases). Overall, <i>Plectosphaerella</i> sp. exhibited potent larvicidal, growth-inhibitory, and enzymatic suppression effects, suggesting its strong potential as an eco-friendly biocontrol agent against <i>S. litura</i>.</p>

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Larvicidal, growth inhibitory, and biochemical effects of ethyl acetate extract of Plectosphaerella sp. NL5 against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Harminder Preet Kaur,
  • Arushi Mahajan,
  • Rahul Datta,
  • Amarjeet Kaur,
  • Sanehdeep Kaur

摘要

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major destructive pest of various economically important crops due to its polyphagous nature. Excessive use of chemical insecticides has led to resistance development and environmental concerns, highlighting the need for eco-friendly biocontrol alternatives such as fungal endophytes. This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of the endophytic fungus, Plectosphaerella sp. (NL5), isolated from Azadirachta indica, against S. litura. Dietary supplementation with the ethyl acetate extract of Plectosphaerella sp. at 25 µL mL−1 caused 63.33% larval mortality, with LC50 and LC90 values of 19.92 and 40.34 µL mL−1, respectively. The extract delayed larval development and significantly reduced the adult emergence, longevity, and reproductive potential. Fungal metabolites also adversely affected the nutritional physiology of the insect and inhibited the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, chymotrypsin, glucosidases) and detoxifying enzymes (esterases, phosphatases). Overall, Plectosphaerella sp. exhibited potent larvicidal, growth-inhibitory, and enzymatic suppression effects, suggesting its strong potential as an eco-friendly biocontrol agent against S. litura.