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<p>Virus–vector–host tritrophic interactions shape disease epidemiology and guide the development of control strategies. Viruses depend on their hosts for reproduction and dispersal, facing multiple extraneous extirpation risks. This study assessed how banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) affects the suitability of banana plantlets for <i>Pentalonia nigronervosa</i> Coquerel (Hemiptera: Aphididae), the vector of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV). Aphid survival and reproductive performance were compared on healthy and BBTV-infected banana plants under screenhouse conditions (27&#xa0;°C, 60–80% RH, 12&#xa0;h photoperiod). A test of independent samples was used, during the short rainy season of 2020 (n = 68) and the long rainy season of 2021 (n = 75) in Benin. Aphids raised on diseased plants showed higher fecundity and a shorter pre-reproductive period than those on healthy plants, resulting in an increase of over 20% in the net reproductive rate across both seasons. No significant differences were observed in total crude protein, lipid, or simple sugar content in the leaves of diseased and healthy plants. However, leaf tissue analysis revealed that diseased plants had elevated potassium (K₂O) and phosphorus (P₂O₅) levels, alongside reduced magnesium (MgO), calcium (CaO), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Although the direct impact of these nutrient changes on aphid physiology remains uncertain, they may contribute to improved feeding efficiency or reduced plant defenses. These findings indicate that BBTD enhances host suitability for aphids, potentially accelerating vector population growth and virus spread. Effective management of diseased plants is therefore crucial in minimizing BBTV transmission risk and limiting epidemic development in banana cropping systems.</p>

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The banana bunchy top disease enhances vector survival: effect of the banana bunchy top disease on host suitability of the banana aphid Pentalonia nigronervosa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Christian Comlan Adjalla,
  • Yann Eméric Madodé,
  • Bonaventure Aman Omondi

摘要

Virus–vector–host tritrophic interactions shape disease epidemiology and guide the development of control strategies. Viruses depend on their hosts for reproduction and dispersal, facing multiple extraneous extirpation risks. This study assessed how banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) affects the suitability of banana plantlets for Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel (Hemiptera: Aphididae), the vector of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV). Aphid survival and reproductive performance were compared on healthy and BBTV-infected banana plants under screenhouse conditions (27 °C, 60–80% RH, 12 h photoperiod). A test of independent samples was used, during the short rainy season of 2020 (n = 68) and the long rainy season of 2021 (n = 75) in Benin. Aphids raised on diseased plants showed higher fecundity and a shorter pre-reproductive period than those on healthy plants, resulting in an increase of over 20% in the net reproductive rate across both seasons. No significant differences were observed in total crude protein, lipid, or simple sugar content in the leaves of diseased and healthy plants. However, leaf tissue analysis revealed that diseased plants had elevated potassium (K₂O) and phosphorus (P₂O₅) levels, alongside reduced magnesium (MgO), calcium (CaO), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Although the direct impact of these nutrient changes on aphid physiology remains uncertain, they may contribute to improved feeding efficiency or reduced plant defenses. These findings indicate that BBTD enhances host suitability for aphids, potentially accelerating vector population growth and virus spread. Effective management of diseased plants is therefore crucial in minimizing BBTV transmission risk and limiting epidemic development in banana cropping systems.