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<p>The granulate ambrosia beetle, <i>Xylosandrus crassiusculus</i> (Motschulsky), is an invasive wood-boring pest native to Asia, recognized for its adaptability and extensive host range. Rambutan (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i> L.) is a commercially important exotic tropical fruit crop in India, valued for its high market demand and economic potential. This study aimed to document the first record of <i>X. crassiusculus</i> infestation in rambutan (<i>Nephelium lappaceum</i> L.) in Kerala, India, and to confirm its identity using morphological and molecular tools. Field surveys in Kerala revealed characteristic infestation symptoms, including pinhole-sized entry points, ‘toothpick-like’ extrusion, wilting, and dieback. Morphological examination and DNA barcoding confirmed the beetle’s identity, with COX1 gene sequencing showing 99.5% similarity to GenBank records (Accession No. PQ463778.1). Phylogenetic analysis using UPGMA placed the isolate within the <i>X. crassiusculus</i> clade with strong bootstrap support. Additionally, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> was isolated from beetle galleries, suggesting a potential symbiotic association contributing to tree decline. This first report underscores the urgency of developing effective management strategies to safeguard rambutan and other tropical crops from potential economic losses. The synergistic threat posed by the beetle and its fungal associate is particularly concerning in the context of climate change and its impact on pest dynamics.</p>

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First record of ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) infestation on rambutan Nephelium lappaceum from Kerala, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月26日

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  • M. S. Krishnapriya,
  • P. R. Nithya,
  • S. H. Thube,
  • O. P. Reji Rani,
  • P. J. Krishnapriya,
  • Neena Lenin,
  • A. P. Nikoshe

摘要

The granulate ambrosia beetle, Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky), is an invasive wood-boring pest native to Asia, recognized for its adaptability and extensive host range. Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a commercially important exotic tropical fruit crop in India, valued for its high market demand and economic potential. This study aimed to document the first record of X. crassiusculus infestation in rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) in Kerala, India, and to confirm its identity using morphological and molecular tools. Field surveys in Kerala revealed characteristic infestation symptoms, including pinhole-sized entry points, ‘toothpick-like’ extrusion, wilting, and dieback. Morphological examination and DNA barcoding confirmed the beetle’s identity, with COX1 gene sequencing showing 99.5% similarity to GenBank records (Accession No. PQ463778.1). Phylogenetic analysis using UPGMA placed the isolate within the X. crassiusculus clade with strong bootstrap support. Additionally, Fusarium oxysporum was isolated from beetle galleries, suggesting a potential symbiotic association contributing to tree decline. This first report underscores the urgency of developing effective management strategies to safeguard rambutan and other tropical crops from potential economic losses. The synergistic threat posed by the beetle and its fungal associate is particularly concerning in the context of climate change and its impact on pest dynamics.