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<p>Butterflies are key indicators of urban biodiversity and one of the most vulnerable organism groups to environmental changes. This study, conducted from June 2023 to November 2023 in Colombo, Sri Lanka, aimed to assess the composition and biodiversity of butterflies in two urban habitats: the 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park (urban park) and a home garden in Colombo. Data were collected at each location using the plot sampling method in an area of the same extent during five sampling events (8:00–8:15 am, 10:00–10:15 am, 12:00–12:15&#xa0;pm, 2:00–2:15&#xa0;pm, and 4:00–4:15&#xa0;pm). Species composition, monthly variation and diurnal variation of butterfly species and diversity, of five sampling events were analyzed. Correlation analysis was used to find the relationships between cloud cover, wind speed, and butterfly abundance and richness. Both sites recorded five butterfly families (Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, and Hesperiidae), with 33 species in 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park and 31 species in the home garden, predominantly from the Nymphalidae family. Monthly and diurnal variations revealed notable fluctuations, particularly in the Nymphalidae and Pieridae families. The highest richness value and Shannon–Wiener's diversity index were recorded at both the home garden (29, 2.76) and 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park (24, 2.69) during the 12:00&#xa0;pm to 12:15&#xa0;pm time event. Correlation analysis revealed, that in 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park, Pieridae and Hesperiidae positively correlated with cloud cover, majority of families (except Lycaenidae) and species richness correlated positively with wind speed. In the home garden, Pieridae correlated positively with cloud cover, and Nymphalidae, Pieridae, and Papilionidae showed positive correlations with wind speed. These results underscore the conservation potential of urban spaces like parks and home gardens for butterfly populations. Effective management and public awareness initiatives are essential to mitigate urbanization's impacts and enhance urban biodiversity.</p>

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Can butterfly diversity in changing environments serve to enhance conservation potential of urban parks and home gardens?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月8日

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  • Medhisha Pasan Gunawardena,
  • Ashan Karunananda,
  • Iddamalgoda Jayawardanage Judi Udari Nisansala Perera,
  • Bellanthudawage Kushan Aravinda Bellanthudawa

摘要

Butterflies are key indicators of urban biodiversity and one of the most vulnerable organism groups to environmental changes. This study, conducted from June 2023 to November 2023 in Colombo, Sri Lanka, aimed to assess the composition and biodiversity of butterflies in two urban habitats: the 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park (urban park) and a home garden in Colombo. Data were collected at each location using the plot sampling method in an area of the same extent during five sampling events (8:00–8:15 am, 10:00–10:15 am, 12:00–12:15 pm, 2:00–2:15 pm, and 4:00–4:15 pm). Species composition, monthly variation and diurnal variation of butterfly species and diversity, of five sampling events were analyzed. Correlation analysis was used to find the relationships between cloud cover, wind speed, and butterfly abundance and richness. Both sites recorded five butterfly families (Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, and Hesperiidae), with 33 species in 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park and 31 species in the home garden, predominantly from the Nymphalidae family. Monthly and diurnal variations revealed notable fluctuations, particularly in the Nymphalidae and Pieridae families. The highest richness value and Shannon–Wiener's diversity index were recorded at both the home garden (29, 2.76) and 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park (24, 2.69) during the 12:00 pm to 12:15 pm time event. Correlation analysis revealed, that in 'Diyasaru' Wetland Park, Pieridae and Hesperiidae positively correlated with cloud cover, majority of families (except Lycaenidae) and species richness correlated positively with wind speed. In the home garden, Pieridae correlated positively with cloud cover, and Nymphalidae, Pieridae, and Papilionidae showed positive correlations with wind speed. These results underscore the conservation potential of urban spaces like parks and home gardens for butterfly populations. Effective management and public awareness initiatives are essential to mitigate urbanization's impacts and enhance urban biodiversity.