<p>Emotional spousal violence (ESV) against women in India has shown little change over time despite a steady decline in physical and sexual violence, highlighting the importance of addressing its underlying causes. The current study draws on feminist theory to investigate the association between gender power dynamics and ESV against women. Data come from the couple file of the National Family Health Survey (2019/21), with analysis restricted to 46,488 currently-married women aged 18–49. Gender power dynamics were operationalized as husbands’ controlling behavior, women’s decision-making autonomy, both spouses’ justification of wife-beating, and both spouses’ exposure to childhood household violence, which were tested as predictors of ESV, along with other socioeconomic confounders. 13% of women reported having experienced ESV from their current husbands. Results from multivariable logistic regression show that ESV was significantly higher among women whose husbands exhibited high levels of controlling behavior (AOR: 11.39), when both spouses justified wife-beating (AOR: 1.63), and both spouses were exposed to household violence in childhood. The risk for ESV was lower for women who had autonomy in decision-making. We discuss the implications of our findings for customized policies and programs enhancing gender egalitarian norms among men, women’s empowerment, and raising awareness on spousal violence.</p>