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Background <p>Performance of centrifugal blood component separators in apheresis is highly dependent on operational parameters such as rotational speed and inlet flow rate. However, fixed-protocol systems limit multi-objective optimization and adaptability to donor variability.</p> Objective <p>To investigate the coupled effects of rotational speed and flow rate on separation performance and to identify optimal operating conditions using a programmable centrifugal separator.</p> Methods <p>A programmable separator was evaluated across rotational speeds of 500–9000 RPM and flow rates of 1–200 mL/min. Experiments were conducted with five replicates per condition (n = 5). Key performance metrics included separation efficiency, plasma purity, platelet collection rate, and temporal efficiency. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and response surface methodology for multi-objective optimization.</p> Results <p>Maximum separation efficiency (93% ± 2%) was achieved at 7000 RPM and 100 mL/min. Optimal plasma purity occurred at 6000 RPM and 100 mL/min, while peak platelet collection rate was observed at 4000 RPM and 75 mL/min. Multi-objective optimization identified 6500 RPM and 85 mL/min as optimal, yielding 90.6% efficiency, high purity (minimal RBC contamination), platelet collection rate of 3.5 × 10³/μL·min, and temporal efficiency of 99 mL/min. Cell viability remained within 96–99%.</p> Conclusion <p>Programmable control of rotational speed and flow rate enables significant improvements in separation performance. The proposed system supports adaptive, multi-objective optimization and has strong potential for personalized apheresis and enhanced bioprocess efficiency.</p>

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Behavior of flow rate and rotational speed in blood components separation: an engineering approach to apheresis procedure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Shafie Rahmati,
  • Amir Ali Hamidieh,
  • Maryam Behfar,
  • Leila Jafari,
  • Alireza Mahdavian

摘要

Background

Performance of centrifugal blood component separators in apheresis is highly dependent on operational parameters such as rotational speed and inlet flow rate. However, fixed-protocol systems limit multi-objective optimization and adaptability to donor variability.

Objective

To investigate the coupled effects of rotational speed and flow rate on separation performance and to identify optimal operating conditions using a programmable centrifugal separator.

Methods

A programmable separator was evaluated across rotational speeds of 500–9000 RPM and flow rates of 1–200 mL/min. Experiments were conducted with five replicates per condition (n = 5). Key performance metrics included separation efficiency, plasma purity, platelet collection rate, and temporal efficiency. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and response surface methodology for multi-objective optimization.

Results

Maximum separation efficiency (93% ± 2%) was achieved at 7000 RPM and 100 mL/min. Optimal plasma purity occurred at 6000 RPM and 100 mL/min, while peak platelet collection rate was observed at 4000 RPM and 75 mL/min. Multi-objective optimization identified 6500 RPM and 85 mL/min as optimal, yielding 90.6% efficiency, high purity (minimal RBC contamination), platelet collection rate of 3.5 × 10³/μL·min, and temporal efficiency of 99 mL/min. Cell viability remained within 96–99%.

Conclusion

Programmable control of rotational speed and flow rate enables significant improvements in separation performance. The proposed system supports adaptive, multi-objective optimization and has strong potential for personalized apheresis and enhanced bioprocess efficiency.