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<p>The application of pesticides is rising continuously in Indian agriculture to fulfil the food challenge of a surging population by increasing crop yields, resulting in contamination of the environment. Pesticides regulate the occurrence of pests and diseases in flora and fauna. The extensive use of pesticides, recognized for their steadfast&#xa0;nature and bioaccumulation, presents significant threats to ecosystem diversity, water quality, human health, and food safety. To efficiently manage pesticide pollution, it is necessary to utilize modern methods for pesticide decontamination. This review aims to investigate the increasing application of pesticides in agriculture and their implications for food safety, human health, and environmental sustainability, while emphasizing recent eco-friendly mitigation approaches. A systematic literature survey was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (2005–2025), focusing on pesticide usage trends, toxicity mechanisms, and remediation approaches; bibliometric analysis was also employed to assess global research progress. In recent years, various innovative strategies such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM), biopesticides, nanotechnology, CRISPR/Cas9, and signalling molecules are being adopted to alleviate pesticide-induced toxicity in organisms and agricultural ecosystems. This study highlights wide global patterns of pesticide application, while underscoring their persistent and bioaccumulative nature that harms biodiversity, soil activity, water quality and human well-being. A shift from surplus chemical pesticide usage to green and farmer-friendly technologies alongside policy measures and efficient regulating systems will be key point to securing food safety while preserving environmental balance.</p>

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Unfolding pesticide toxicity: food safety, health risk, and sustainable agriculture

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Umesh Kumar,
  • Om Sajeevan Patel,
  • Shahil Siddiqui,
  • Kewat Sanjay Kumar,
  • Sheo Mohan Prasad

摘要

The application of pesticides is rising continuously in Indian agriculture to fulfil the food challenge of a surging population by increasing crop yields, resulting in contamination of the environment. Pesticides regulate the occurrence of pests and diseases in flora and fauna. The extensive use of pesticides, recognized for their steadfast nature and bioaccumulation, presents significant threats to ecosystem diversity, water quality, human health, and food safety. To efficiently manage pesticide pollution, it is necessary to utilize modern methods for pesticide decontamination. This review aims to investigate the increasing application of pesticides in agriculture and their implications for food safety, human health, and environmental sustainability, while emphasizing recent eco-friendly mitigation approaches. A systematic literature survey was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (2005–2025), focusing on pesticide usage trends, toxicity mechanisms, and remediation approaches; bibliometric analysis was also employed to assess global research progress. In recent years, various innovative strategies such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM), biopesticides, nanotechnology, CRISPR/Cas9, and signalling molecules are being adopted to alleviate pesticide-induced toxicity in organisms and agricultural ecosystems. This study highlights wide global patterns of pesticide application, while underscoring their persistent and bioaccumulative nature that harms biodiversity, soil activity, water quality and human well-being. A shift from surplus chemical pesticide usage to green and farmer-friendly technologies alongside policy measures and efficient regulating systems will be key point to securing food safety while preserving environmental balance.