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<p>Pollen viability, germination rates, and abundance play a crucial role in the reproductive success and genetic integrity of <i>Cannabis</i> cultivars. This study aims to evaluate these traits in five cultivars ('Amnesia nicon', 'Beldia', 'Coach + ', 'Coach nicon', 'Critical + ') grown in Morocco, focusing on the local landrace ‘Beldia’. As <i>Cannabis</i> cultivation evolves under new legal and commercial pressures, traditional varieties face risks of genetic erosion. To assess male reproductive traits, in vitro tests were conducted using standardised procedures to ensure consistency across all samples. Results reveal significant variability among cultivars, with 'Beldia' achieving the highest mean pollen viability (90.84%), reflecting its adaptation to local conditions. The lowest mean pollen viability was recorded for the introduced cultivar 'Coach + ', which showed 66.04%. Germination rates showed notable differences, 'Amnesia nicon' with 50.91% and 'Coach nicon', with 4.01%. 'Beldia' and 'Coach + ' Cultivars underperformed compared to typical germination ranges, highlighting the influence of genetic and environmental factors on reproductive success. Pollen abundance also varied, with 'Critical + ' producing the highest pollen count (74.6 × 10<sup>3</sup> per anther), increasing the likelihood of cross-pollination with other cultivars. Further research is needed to examine how phenological stages, such as anthesis timing and cultivation periods, affect cross-pollination risk. This is crucial for developing strategies to preserve the genetic integrity and productivity of local cultivars, especially in the context of climate change. This study provides a foundation for breeding and conservation efforts to sustain the unique traits and yield potential of Moroccan <i>Cannabis</i> cultivars.</p>

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Pollen characteristics and their implications for the conservation of Moroccan Cannabis cultivar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月8日

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  • Aboubakr Boutahar,
  • Paloma Cariñanos Gonzalez,
  • Ismail El Bakali,
  • Ghizlane Merzouki,
  • Zouhaire Lamrani,
  • Abderrahmane Merzouki

摘要

Pollen viability, germination rates, and abundance play a crucial role in the reproductive success and genetic integrity of Cannabis cultivars. This study aims to evaluate these traits in five cultivars ('Amnesia nicon', 'Beldia', 'Coach + ', 'Coach nicon', 'Critical + ') grown in Morocco, focusing on the local landrace ‘Beldia’. As Cannabis cultivation evolves under new legal and commercial pressures, traditional varieties face risks of genetic erosion. To assess male reproductive traits, in vitro tests were conducted using standardised procedures to ensure consistency across all samples. Results reveal significant variability among cultivars, with 'Beldia' achieving the highest mean pollen viability (90.84%), reflecting its adaptation to local conditions. The lowest mean pollen viability was recorded for the introduced cultivar 'Coach + ', which showed 66.04%. Germination rates showed notable differences, 'Amnesia nicon' with 50.91% and 'Coach nicon', with 4.01%. 'Beldia' and 'Coach + ' Cultivars underperformed compared to typical germination ranges, highlighting the influence of genetic and environmental factors on reproductive success. Pollen abundance also varied, with 'Critical + ' producing the highest pollen count (74.6 × 103 per anther), increasing the likelihood of cross-pollination with other cultivars. Further research is needed to examine how phenological stages, such as anthesis timing and cultivation periods, affect cross-pollination risk. This is crucial for developing strategies to preserve the genetic integrity and productivity of local cultivars, especially in the context of climate change. This study provides a foundation for breeding and conservation efforts to sustain the unique traits and yield potential of Moroccan Cannabis cultivars.