<p>This study evaluated the genetic diversity of eleven arrowroot genotypes using quantitative and qualitative traits, including starch, ascorbic acid, total phenol, and crude protein, to identify potential parental genotypes with valuable genetic attributes. The genotypes were assessed in a randomised block design over two consecutive years (2021–2022 and 2022–2023) with three replications. Significant genetic variation was observed, particularly in total sugar, yield and ascorbic acid content with most traits exhibiting a slightly higher phenotypic coefficient of variation than genotypic coefficient of variation. Moderate to high heritability and genetic advance were shown for key total sugar, yield, ascorbic acid and total phenol. Morphological and nutritional traits exhibited significant correlations, with rhizome yield positively associated with plant height, number of rhizomes per plant and rhizome length and diameter. Dry matter showed a negative correlation with moisture but a positive correlation with starch content. D² analysis demonstrated significant genetic variation, forming six distinct clusters, with Cluster II exhibiting the highest intra-cluster divergence and cluster V exhibiting high effectiveness in several yield and yield related traits and Cluster VI showing high nutritional profile. Principal component analysis revealed that yield and yield related traits contributed significantly to variation, with the first principal component (PCA1) accounting for 40.30% of the total variance, followed by PCA2 with 20.20%. These findings highlight the genetic potential of indigenous arrowroot genotypes for crop improvement and breeding programmes.</p>