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<p>Saline stress represents a considerable challenge to agricultural productivity and affects the bioactive compound profiles of medicinal plants, including <i>Coriandrum sativum</i>. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the bioactive compounds present in aqueous and hydromethanolic extracts of coriander cultivated under saline stress, as well as to evaluate their potential therapeutic effects through molecular docking analysis. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified several phenolic compounds, with 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid, ascorbic acid, catechin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, robinin, rutin, and salicylic acid being the most prominent. The extracts of <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> exhibited concentration-dependent antibacterial and antifungal activities, demonstrating significant efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria and various fungal strains. Notably, the inhibitory effects of the extracts intensified with increasing salt concentrations, particularly in extracts treated with 100&#xa0;mM/L NaCl. Additionally, insecticidal assays indicated that the aqueous extract from the highest saline concentration exhibited the most effective insecticidal activity, achieving up to 91% efficacy against black aphids, 76.87% against green aphids, and 85% against whitefly larvae. Furthermore, molecular docking studies targeting the Gentamicin-APH(2″)-IIa complex (PDB ID: 3HAM) revealed that Robinin displayed the highest binding affinity (−&#xa0;9.9&#xa0;kcal/mol) for the target protein, surpassing the binding affinity of the reference compound, Gentamicin (−&#xa0;8.7&#xa0;kcal/mol). These findings suggest that <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> cultivated under saline stress retains its bioactive potential, with Robinin emerging as a promising candidate for further drug development. This study also highlights the significance of investigating stress-adapted plants as sources of potent bioactive compounds.</p>

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Saline-stress-enhanced bioactivity of Coriandrum sativum: insights into its antimicrobial, insecticidal, and molecular docking properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Nacira Amara,
  • Mohamed Kouider Amar,
  • Souad Touati

摘要

Saline stress represents a considerable challenge to agricultural productivity and affects the bioactive compound profiles of medicinal plants, including Coriandrum sativum. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the bioactive compounds present in aqueous and hydromethanolic extracts of coriander cultivated under saline stress, as well as to evaluate their potential therapeutic effects through molecular docking analysis. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified several phenolic compounds, with 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid, ascorbic acid, catechin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, robinin, rutin, and salicylic acid being the most prominent. The extracts of Coriandrum sativum exhibited concentration-dependent antibacterial and antifungal activities, demonstrating significant efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria and various fungal strains. Notably, the inhibitory effects of the extracts intensified with increasing salt concentrations, particularly in extracts treated with 100 mM/L NaCl. Additionally, insecticidal assays indicated that the aqueous extract from the highest saline concentration exhibited the most effective insecticidal activity, achieving up to 91% efficacy against black aphids, 76.87% against green aphids, and 85% against whitefly larvae. Furthermore, molecular docking studies targeting the Gentamicin-APH(2″)-IIa complex (PDB ID: 3HAM) revealed that Robinin displayed the highest binding affinity (− 9.9 kcal/mol) for the target protein, surpassing the binding affinity of the reference compound, Gentamicin (− 8.7 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that Coriandrum sativum cultivated under saline stress retains its bioactive potential, with Robinin emerging as a promising candidate for further drug development. This study also highlights the significance of investigating stress-adapted plants as sources of potent bioactive compounds.