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<p>This systematic review explores the impact of climate extremes and abiotic stresses on cucurbits, analyzing 154 articles from 1960 to 2024. The Cucurbitaceae crops, including cucumber, melon, watermelon, and bottle gourd, are vital for global food security but are increasingly vulnerable to environmental stresses. Elevated temperatures above 40&#xa0;°C reduce germination by 52% in melon and yield by 17% in bottle gourd. Low temperatures (2&#xa0;°C) decrease vine length by 37.5% in watermelon and leaf area by 66% in melon. Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (600–1000&#xa0;ppm) improves cucumber yields by 41% and first-class fruit output by 88% but reduces leaf area by 4.9%. Salinity stress decreases germination by 100% in bottle gourd at 20 dS/m, while drought reduces cucumber fruit number by up to 80% and yield by 27.8%. Waterlogging lowers photosynthesis by 62.5% and biomass by 35.1% in cucumbers. Heavy metals, such as cadmium and nickel, reduce germination&#xa0;in melon by 62% and cucumber yields by 22%. UV-B radiation diminishes cucumber leaf area by 42%, biomass by 36%, and plant height by 29%. Biochemical and molecular responses, including altered photosynthesis, oxidative stress, and changes in transcription factor activity, underscore the physiological complexity of cucurbit responses to stress. Drought stress was identified as the most detrimental abiotic stress, and cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) as the most sensitive cucurbit. Agricultural practices, such as breeding, selection of tolerant varieties, and mulching, and policy reforms focused on agricultural advancements should be promoted to alleviate the adverse effects of these abiotic stresses on cucurbits.</p>

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Impact of climate extremes and other key abiotic stresses on cucurbits: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Kakul Smiti,
  • Usha Mina,
  • Manjusha Verma,
  • Lalit Arya

摘要

This systematic review explores the impact of climate extremes and abiotic stresses on cucurbits, analyzing 154 articles from 1960 to 2024. The Cucurbitaceae crops, including cucumber, melon, watermelon, and bottle gourd, are vital for global food security but are increasingly vulnerable to environmental stresses. Elevated temperatures above 40 °C reduce germination by 52% in melon and yield by 17% in bottle gourd. Low temperatures (2 °C) decrease vine length by 37.5% in watermelon and leaf area by 66% in melon. Elevated CO2 (600–1000 ppm) improves cucumber yields by 41% and first-class fruit output by 88% but reduces leaf area by 4.9%. Salinity stress decreases germination by 100% in bottle gourd at 20 dS/m, while drought reduces cucumber fruit number by up to 80% and yield by 27.8%. Waterlogging lowers photosynthesis by 62.5% and biomass by 35.1% in cucumbers. Heavy metals, such as cadmium and nickel, reduce germination in melon by 62% and cucumber yields by 22%. UV-B radiation diminishes cucumber leaf area by 42%, biomass by 36%, and plant height by 29%. Biochemical and molecular responses, including altered photosynthesis, oxidative stress, and changes in transcription factor activity, underscore the physiological complexity of cucurbit responses to stress. Drought stress was identified as the most detrimental abiotic stress, and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the most sensitive cucurbit. Agricultural practices, such as breeding, selection of tolerant varieties, and mulching, and policy reforms focused on agricultural advancements should be promoted to alleviate the adverse effects of these abiotic stresses on cucurbits.