<p>The present study consisted of seven mutant genotypes of black gram along with one check variety. The mutants were developed using gamma rays and Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). The experiment was conducted at Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, using Randomized Block Design with three replications during kharif-2020 and summer-2021 to evaluate genetic variation and morphological characterization for yield and its component traits. Analysis of variance revealed extremely significant genetic variation among the seven mutant genotypes for all the characters in both M₄ and M₅ generations. In M₄ generation, a high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was apparent for clusters plant^− 1 whereas in M₅ generation number of branches plant^− 1, clusters plant^− 1 and pods plant^− 1, 100 seed weight, single plant yield showed a moderate coefficient of variation. Seed yield plant^− 1 exhibited a strong significant positive connection with branches and clusters plant^− 1, plant height, seeds pod^− 1 and pod length in the M₄ generation and with clusters plant^− 1 and pod length in the M₅ generation at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path analysis revealed maximum direct and positive effect on seed yield plant^− 1 by seeds pod^− 1 and clusters plant^− 1 at genotypic level and by branches plant^− 1 and clusters plant^− 1 at phenotypic level. The genotypes BGM-250-10-1 and BGM-02-11-1 were found to be consistent in both generations on the basis of their yield and component characters. Thus, the present findings could be beneficial in generating desirable traits to develop superior genotypes through selection in black gram breeding program.</p>