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<p>Traditional non-Basmati short- and medium-grain aromatic rice landraces of India have gained increasing interest and preference of the consumers for their aroma and soft texture after cooking. The goal of the current study was to assess the nutritional and antioxidant qualities of a few black-husked aromatic rice landraces grown in eastern India. The kernel and bran of the grains of the landraces Kalojira, Kalonunia, Tulshibhog and NC365 (West Bengal); Kola Joha (Assam) and Cha-khao(Manipur) were examined for the various indices related to their physical (hulling%, milling%, head rice recovery%, colour quest, length-width ratio), cooking quality (alkali spreading value, volume expansion, aroma, kernel elongation), and the nutritional and antioxidative properties, during 2022. The range of values obtained from the kernel analysis for the indices of nutritional quality (%) viz., starch (44.22–91.47), amylose (5.6–28.8), protein (5.76–7.74) and fiber (1.6–2.3); microminerals (ppm) viz., Fe (107.33-177.88), Zn (16.6-43.32), and antioxidant principles viz., free (0.73–8.33) and bound (1.28–9.58) phenols (mg TE/g) revealed significant genotypic variation. The brans had a significantly wider range of values for protein (7.87–8.97%), Fe (217.71-291.18 ppm), Zn (86.91-136.33 ppm), fiber (3.3–4.9%) and phenol (free: 6.54–18.82; bound: 2.32–18.74&#xa0;mg TE/g), and also contained 0.36–2.28 and 1.22–2.79&#xa0;mg TE/g of free and bound flavonoids respectively; however, kernels did not report any flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity analysis in both the kernel and the bran, using three different assay systems (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS) showed significant variations. After PCA, ‘Tulsibhog’ appeared as the most promising one among six landraces examined, considering the kernel properties, while ‘Kalojira’ was the best performer when both the kernel and bran qualities were taken into account.</p>

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Physico-biochemical properties of black-husked non-basmati aromatic rice landraces of eastern India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月10日

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  • Tulika Sarkar,
  • Tadela Susmitha,
  • Nilima Karmakar,
  • Mrityunjay Ghosh,
  • Amitava Bhattacharya

摘要

Traditional non-Basmati short- and medium-grain aromatic rice landraces of India have gained increasing interest and preference of the consumers for their aroma and soft texture after cooking. The goal of the current study was to assess the nutritional and antioxidant qualities of a few black-husked aromatic rice landraces grown in eastern India. The kernel and bran of the grains of the landraces Kalojira, Kalonunia, Tulshibhog and NC365 (West Bengal); Kola Joha (Assam) and Cha-khao(Manipur) were examined for the various indices related to their physical (hulling%, milling%, head rice recovery%, colour quest, length-width ratio), cooking quality (alkali spreading value, volume expansion, aroma, kernel elongation), and the nutritional and antioxidative properties, during 2022. The range of values obtained from the kernel analysis for the indices of nutritional quality (%) viz., starch (44.22–91.47), amylose (5.6–28.8), protein (5.76–7.74) and fiber (1.6–2.3); microminerals (ppm) viz., Fe (107.33-177.88), Zn (16.6-43.32), and antioxidant principles viz., free (0.73–8.33) and bound (1.28–9.58) phenols (mg TE/g) revealed significant genotypic variation. The brans had a significantly wider range of values for protein (7.87–8.97%), Fe (217.71-291.18 ppm), Zn (86.91-136.33 ppm), fiber (3.3–4.9%) and phenol (free: 6.54–18.82; bound: 2.32–18.74 mg TE/g), and also contained 0.36–2.28 and 1.22–2.79 mg TE/g of free and bound flavonoids respectively; however, kernels did not report any flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity analysis in both the kernel and the bran, using three different assay systems (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS) showed significant variations. After PCA, ‘Tulsibhog’ appeared as the most promising one among six landraces examined, considering the kernel properties, while ‘Kalojira’ was the best performer when both the kernel and bran qualities were taken into account.