Structural and morphological characterization, anticancer and antimicrobial study of 20EA column fraction in Sesbania grandiflora

Sesbania grandiflora, a traditional herb within the Fabaceae family, has been historically employed in traditional therapeutic practices to address various health conditions. Recent studies highlight the effectiveness of this flowering plant as a cytotoxic agent against cancer cells. However, a comprehensive chemical profiling of this plant species still requires more in-depth study and investigation. This study investigates the anticancer and antimicrobial potential of a crystallized neutral lipid fraction (20% EA) obtained from Sesbania grandiflora flowers and its potential chemical components. Chemical characterization of the crystalized fraction through mass spectroscopy and infrared analysis revealed the presence of n-hexadecanoic acid, 1-octadecene, Oleic Acid, and Octadecanoic acid. Investigation reveals a dose-dependent anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. In vitro bioactivity studies indicated a high IC₅₀ value of 105.76 µg/mL against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, with microscopic evidence of dose-dependent cell death. Further research is recommended to crystallize each compound individually and explore potential synergistic effects for therapeutic applications.