Phytochemical profile of Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Sleesen leaf extract by four different solvents and their antioxidant and antibacterial properties

For millennia, members of the Lamiaceae family have been utilized in traditional medicine to cure a variety of ailments. We conducted a pioneering effort to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial capabilities of O. thymiflorus because there is little information in existing literature concerning its therapeutic characteristics. Chemical constitution of the samples was ascertained by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), and the functional group was identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). By using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminium chloride colorimetric test, respectively, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assayed. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH^•), 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assay (ABTS^•+) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used to assess antioxidant activity. By using disc diffusion method, antibacterial efficacy of the samples were assessed against four microorganisms. The analysis revealed that methanol had excellent results compared to other solvents. The study finding suggest that methanol has strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties. It might serve as a source for additional research. Furthermore, these results will support future studies on the identification of bioactive components by clarifying their effectiveness by in-vivo investigations and confirming their effectiveness and safety in clinical trials.