<p>With the proliferation of the Internet, advancements in big data technology, and the widespread adoption of cloud computing, numerous digital trading platforms have emerged across various industries, revolutionizing the marketing of scientific and technological (S&amp;T) achievements by enabling their listing as specialized commodities. Consequently, this has significantly accelerated the commercialization of S&amp;T achievements, fostering a more efficient and dynamic market for technological innovation. In this paper, we construct a platform-based supply chain system consisting of the platform, S&amp;T achievements providers, and demanders. The platform is considered to have two operation models, demand-side charging and supply-side charging, and the corresponding game-theoretic models are built based on them. We further compare the equilibrium results under the two charging models. It was found that the platform’s preference for the charging model is influenced by the value of the S&amp;T achievements and the strength of the platform’s attractiveness effect. Interestingly, providers of S&amp;T achievements consistently prefer the demand-side charging model, as it allows them to achieve higher profits. In addition, the demand-side charging model is more profitable for the platform-based supply chain system. The research work enriches the operations management theory of digital platforms and guides the business practice of S&amp;T achievements transformation platforms.</p>