<p>The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, it seeks to meticulously compare the magnitude of the impact of two channels of international migration on the total fertility rate in the case of Morocco, i.e., remittances and fertility norms. Second, it attempts to estimate the Granger causality between these two channels and fertility in Morocco. We provide strong evidence that, in the long term, the effect of fertility norms in host countries is greater than that of remittances on fertility rate. Furthermore, our findings show that, in short term, the tangible effect of migration exceeds the intangible effect of migration. We find also unidirectional Granger causality between remittances and fertility norms one the one hand and the total fertility rate on the other hand. Our results confirm that the international migration through these two channels can be regarded as a determinant of fertility in Morocco. In this context, Moroccan emigrants can serve as agents of social change to achieve successful demographic transition in Morocco. This is particularly noteworthy considering the diminishing impact of family planning methods in recent years.</p>

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Social remittances versus money remittances-impact of international migration on fertility in Morocco

  • Oussama Zennati

摘要

The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, it seeks to meticulously compare the magnitude of the impact of two channels of international migration on the total fertility rate in the case of Morocco, i.e., remittances and fertility norms. Second, it attempts to estimate the Granger causality between these two channels and fertility in Morocco. We provide strong evidence that, in the long term, the effect of fertility norms in host countries is greater than that of remittances on fertility rate. Furthermore, our findings show that, in short term, the tangible effect of migration exceeds the intangible effect of migration. We find also unidirectional Granger causality between remittances and fertility norms one the one hand and the total fertility rate on the other hand. Our results confirm that the international migration through these two channels can be regarded as a determinant of fertility in Morocco. In this context, Moroccan emigrants can serve as agents of social change to achieve successful demographic transition in Morocco. This is particularly noteworthy considering the diminishing impact of family planning methods in recent years.