<p>SARS‑CoV‑2 has been well-known to cause the COVID-19 outbreak. Among the viral proteins, Main protease (M<sup>pro</sup>) functions as an essential element of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, making it a key target for developing potential drug candidate to prevent COVID-19. To identify plant-based compounds using the IMPPAT database that could inhibit M<sup>pro</sup> of SARS-CoV-2, a structure-guided integrated virtual screening was employed. The initial hits for potential drug candidates targeting M<sup>pro</sup> were screened by assessing their pharmacological and physicochemical properties, ensuring their potential as drug candidates, followed by a Pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) filter to eliminate molecules that may cause false positive results due to non-specific binding. Subsequently, the compounds demonstrating specific interactions and significant binding affinities towards the active site residue (e.g., Cys145) in the M<sup>pro</sup> were further analyzed using essential dynamics and molecular dynamics simulations. Findings were further supported by MM-PBSA results. Finally, two phytochemicals, Amorphispironon E and Papaverrubine E, were identified which act on the active site of SARS-CoV-2 M<sup>pro</sup> displaying potential antiviral efficacy.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>Schematic representation of SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, highlighting the role of M<sup>pro</sup> and the mechanism of action of phytochemicals, amorphispironon E and Papaverrubine E</p>

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Structure-guided screening of bioactive phytoconstituents as prospective inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro

  • Sarika Bano,
  • Taj Mohammad,
  • Jyotishna Singh,
  • Arunabh Choudhury,
  • Asimul Islam,
  • Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan,
  • Sanjay Kumar Dey

摘要

SARS‑CoV‑2 has been well-known to cause the COVID-19 outbreak. Among the viral proteins, Main protease (Mpro) functions as an essential element of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, making it a key target for developing potential drug candidate to prevent COVID-19. To identify plant-based compounds using the IMPPAT database that could inhibit Mpro of SARS-CoV-2, a structure-guided integrated virtual screening was employed. The initial hits for potential drug candidates targeting Mpro were screened by assessing their pharmacological and physicochemical properties, ensuring their potential as drug candidates, followed by a Pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) filter to eliminate molecules that may cause false positive results due to non-specific binding. Subsequently, the compounds demonstrating specific interactions and significant binding affinities towards the active site residue (e.g., Cys145) in the Mpro were further analyzed using essential dynamics and molecular dynamics simulations. Findings were further supported by MM-PBSA results. Finally, two phytochemicals, Amorphispironon E and Papaverrubine E, were identified which act on the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro displaying potential antiviral efficacy.

Graphical Abstract

Schematic representation of SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, highlighting the role of Mpro and the mechanism of action of phytochemicals, amorphispironon E and Papaverrubine E