A cluster-based quantum key distribution with dynamic node selection: an improved approach for scalability and security in quantum communication

In quantum computing, key distribution is an indispensable approach for establishing secure communication using the principles of quantum mechanics. However, existing key distribution protocols face challenges related to scalability and resilience against eavesdropping attacks. In response, this paper introduces Cluster-based Quantum Key Distribution with a Dynamic Node Selection (CQKD-DNS) protocol designed to address these limitations. Through experimental simulations, we demonstrate notable improvements in key generation rates, reduced error rates, and enhanced overall performance compared to existing QKD protocols. The core innovation lies in the dynamic node selection process, which enables adaptive network utilization while considering factors such as distance, entanglement levels, and network traffic. This dynamic node selection enhances both efficiency and robustness. The significance of this research is twofold: First, the CQKD-with-Dynamic Node Selection protocol shows the potential to advance quantum key distribution by harnessing cluster entanglement and dynamic node selection. This innovation offers a scalable and resilient approach to key distribution, effectively tackling the critical limitations associated with conventional methods. Secondly, the findings contribute to the development of efficient and secure communication systems, paving the way for the practical implementation of QKD in large-scale networks. The proposed protocol represents a promising avenue for the advancement of quantum key distribution, ultimately enabling secure communication in the era of quantum technologies.