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<p>This research examines the fatigue, creep, and dynamic mechanical properties of vinyl ester composites reinforced with a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) core, alkali-silane-treated aluminised glass fibre, and waste rubber powder. Four composite systems with different fibre-filler configurations, along with a reference sample, were developed. These were designated as M (100&#xa0;vol.% matrix), MA (30&#xa0;vol.% surface-treated fibre and 20&#xa0;vol.% PET core), and MAR0, MAR1, and MAR2 (fibre and PET core with 0.5, 1, and 2&#xa0;vol.% surface-treated rubber particles, respectively). The composite containing 1&#xa0;vol.% rubber powder (MAR1) demonstrated superior fatigue resistance, with cyclic lives of 27,951, 26,298, and 25,716 cycles at 25%, 50%, and 75% of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), respectively. In contrast, the 2&#xa0;vol.% rubber-filled composite (MAR2) exhibited the greatest creep resistance, showing minimal strains of 0.0037 at 5,000&#xa0;s, 0.0125 at 10,000&#xa0;s, and 0.0351 at 15,000&#xa0;s, attributed to the uniform distribution of rubber particles, which improved stress dissipation. MAR2 also displayed enhanced viscoelastic performance, with a storage modulus of 6.7&#xa0;GPa and a reduced loss factor of 0.67. These improvements are primarily associated with the viscoelastic nature of the rubber, which, when strongly bonded within the rigid composite framework, effectively regulates stress relaxation and energy dissipation. Overall, the results highlight the potential of these hybrid composites for aerospace applications, particularly in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) requiring morphing wing structures.</p>

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High-temperature thermo-mechanical and dynamic properties of surface-modified waste-rubber and aluminised glass fibre reinforced UAV composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月1日

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  • Anumula Swarnalatha,
  • Seeniappan Kaliappan,
  • L. Natrayan,
  • M. Ramya

摘要

This research examines the fatigue, creep, and dynamic mechanical properties of vinyl ester composites reinforced with a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) core, alkali-silane-treated aluminised glass fibre, and waste rubber powder. Four composite systems with different fibre-filler configurations, along with a reference sample, were developed. These were designated as M (100 vol.% matrix), MA (30 vol.% surface-treated fibre and 20 vol.% PET core), and MAR0, MAR1, and MAR2 (fibre and PET core with 0.5, 1, and 2 vol.% surface-treated rubber particles, respectively). The composite containing 1 vol.% rubber powder (MAR1) demonstrated superior fatigue resistance, with cyclic lives of 27,951, 26,298, and 25,716 cycles at 25%, 50%, and 75% of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), respectively. In contrast, the 2 vol.% rubber-filled composite (MAR2) exhibited the greatest creep resistance, showing minimal strains of 0.0037 at 5,000 s, 0.0125 at 10,000 s, and 0.0351 at 15,000 s, attributed to the uniform distribution of rubber particles, which improved stress dissipation. MAR2 also displayed enhanced viscoelastic performance, with a storage modulus of 6.7 GPa and a reduced loss factor of 0.67. These improvements are primarily associated with the viscoelastic nature of the rubber, which, when strongly bonded within the rigid composite framework, effectively regulates stress relaxation and energy dissipation. Overall, the results highlight the potential of these hybrid composites for aerospace applications, particularly in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) requiring morphing wing structures.