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<p>Sandstone resistivity plays a pivotal role in applications ranging from hydrocarbon exploration to geotechnical site characterization. The study provides a test for the hypothesis that the changes in the bulk resistivity of sandstone can be quantitatively correlated with the density, P-wave velocity, and quartz-carbonate microstructure changes of sandstone samples collected from coal-bearing formations. Laboratory measurements revealed resistivity values ranging from 0.32 × 10⁵ to 25.62 × 10⁵ Ω·m, with density varying between 2.12 and 2.80&#xa0;g/cm³ and P-wave velocity between 3.4 and 4.7&#xa0;km/s. SEM–EDX analysis showed that high-resistivity samples were predominantly quartz-rich (higher oxygen content), whereas low-resistivity samples contained higher carbonate content, providing more conductive pathways. Regression modeling demonstrated that cubic models yielded the highest predictive accuracy (R² &gt; 0.86) for estimating resistivity from density and P-wave velocity. Thus, the primary purpose of this study is to create and validate regression models that forecast sandstone resistivity based on density, P-wave velocity, and SEM-derived characteristics of microstructure, facilitating the non-destructive evaluation of subsurface properties. These findings confirm that integrating mineralogical characterization with physical property measurements enables robust, non-destructive resistivity prediction. The proposed models offer practical applicability in rapid subsurface assessments, optimizing resource exploration, groundwater mapping, and engineering design without extensive direct resistivity testing.</p>

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Estimation and Prediction of Resistivity of Rocks based on Microstructure and Physico-mechanical Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月25日

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  • P. Varalakshmi,
  • S. Kumar Reddy,
  • Ch. S.N. Murthy

摘要

Sandstone resistivity plays a pivotal role in applications ranging from hydrocarbon exploration to geotechnical site characterization. The study provides a test for the hypothesis that the changes in the bulk resistivity of sandstone can be quantitatively correlated with the density, P-wave velocity, and quartz-carbonate microstructure changes of sandstone samples collected from coal-bearing formations. Laboratory measurements revealed resistivity values ranging from 0.32 × 10⁵ to 25.62 × 10⁵ Ω·m, with density varying between 2.12 and 2.80 g/cm³ and P-wave velocity between 3.4 and 4.7 km/s. SEM–EDX analysis showed that high-resistivity samples were predominantly quartz-rich (higher oxygen content), whereas low-resistivity samples contained higher carbonate content, providing more conductive pathways. Regression modeling demonstrated that cubic models yielded the highest predictive accuracy (R² > 0.86) for estimating resistivity from density and P-wave velocity. Thus, the primary purpose of this study is to create and validate regression models that forecast sandstone resistivity based on density, P-wave velocity, and SEM-derived characteristics of microstructure, facilitating the non-destructive evaluation of subsurface properties. These findings confirm that integrating mineralogical characterization with physical property measurements enables robust, non-destructive resistivity prediction. The proposed models offer practical applicability in rapid subsurface assessments, optimizing resource exploration, groundwater mapping, and engineering design without extensive direct resistivity testing.