<p>Abandoned coal seam resources, with substantial reserves and wide distribution, constitute an essential component for coal resource recovery and mine sustainable development. However, the complex overlying strata structure in the remnant coal mining areas often results in unclear mining pressure patterns during secondary fully mechanized caving mining, posing significant challenges to the remnant coal recovery work. Addressing these issues, this study takes the secondary fully mechanized caving mining of remnant coal reservoirs as an example to reveal the manifestation patterns of overlying strata movement and mining pressure during the process of secondary fully mechanized caving mining under different re-mining time intervals. By analyzing the compaction forms of remnant coal mining through case studies, a numerical model of the remnant coal mining area is established using UDEC numerical simulation. The study utilizes compressive strength, establishes a forward direction model for remnant coal, and analyzes the deformation characteristics of two roadways under different support methods to calibrate and verify the parameters of the model. Using Voronoi to construct the coal body and compact the residual coal body and overlying strata after the first fully mechanized caving mining to simulate the compacted state of the coal body in the re-mining area with different re-mining time intervals. The study investigates the manifestation patterns of overlying strata movement and mining pressure during the first and second fully mechanized caving mining, indicating the existence of four stress concentration zones during the second fully mechanized caving mining, with the stress being lower than that during the first fully mechanized caving mining. Furthermore, the study analyzes and discusses the movement patterns of strata under different re-mining times and the movement patterns of strata during the first complete mining. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that with the increase of re-mining time intervals, the coal-rock mass gradually stabilizes under compaction, and mining pressure manifestation weakens, while severe mining pressure manifestation and substantial overlying strata collapse height occur during the first complete mining of thick coal seams, leading to severe coal pillar damage. This study elucidates the manifestation patterns of overlying strata movement and mining pressure during the secondary fully mechanized caving mining of remnant coal, providing guidance for the safe and efficient recovery of similar residual coal resources such as secondary fully mechanized caving mining of remnant coal.</p>