Sulfidation of Saprolite Nickel Laterite Ore with Sodium Sulfate as Sulfur Resource
摘要
Laterite ore has turned out to be the dominant raw material to produce battery metal nickel and its compounds. A shortcut from oxide ore to nickel sulfides has significant advantages when joining the battery chain. Sodium sulfate is one of the common industrial wastes in battery production, metallurgy, and etc., and it needs proper treatment. Na2SO4 has been used as a sulfur resource in transferring saprolite laterite to nickel sulfides. Thermodynamic calculations and experimental findings showed that nickel, iron, and manganese could be sulfurized at 800 ℃ under controlled conditions. The sulfide particles of reasonable size were produced under optimum conditions of Na2SO4-to-ore mass ratio of 0.16:1 and the reacting temperature of 800 ℃ for 360 min. The maximum sulfide particle size was odserbed to be 38.4 µm, with an average size of 18.1 µm. The sulfide particles exhibit the composition of 12–14.12 wt% nickel and 49–52.41 wt% iron, along with minor impurities. At 900 ℃ and 1000 ℃, ferronickel was formed due to the direct reaction of CO with ore components. In addition, the nickel concentration ratio in sulfide phase to that in the oxide phases was greater than 15. The studied process successfully achieved the sulfidation of nickel laterite ore below 800 ℃, using a solid waste Na2SO4 as sulfur resource. As-treated saprolite nickel laterite ore can be leached or smelted with mature technologies.