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<p>Bis(indolyl)methane (BIM) derivatives have emerged as versatile molecular scaffolds for the development of highly selective and sensitive ion sensors. Their distinctive structure comprising indole units with flexible binding sites and rich electronic characteristics enables effective interactions with a wide range of ions, making them particularly well-suited for sensor applications. This review provides a critical analysis of BIM-based sensors, emphasizing key structural attributes, synthetic methodologies, and the underlying mechanisms of ion recognition. Coordination chemistry, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and their conversion into optical or electrochemical signals are among the detection techniques that are thoroughly examined. With an emphasis on selectivity, sensitivity, and detection limits, applications include both cation and anion sensing. Biomedical diagnostics, water quality evaluation, and environmental monitoring are examples of practical applications. This review describes the recent developments in BIM-based sensors with nanotechnology and microfluidic platforms, which present exciting opportunities for portable, real-time detection systems.</p>

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Bis(indolyl)methane derivatives as smart chemo-sensors for cation and anion recognition

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • K. A. Vishnumurthy,
  • Raviraj Kusanur

摘要

Bis(indolyl)methane (BIM) derivatives have emerged as versatile molecular scaffolds for the development of highly selective and sensitive ion sensors. Their distinctive structure comprising indole units with flexible binding sites and rich electronic characteristics enables effective interactions with a wide range of ions, making them particularly well-suited for sensor applications. This review provides a critical analysis of BIM-based sensors, emphasizing key structural attributes, synthetic methodologies, and the underlying mechanisms of ion recognition. Coordination chemistry, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and their conversion into optical or electrochemical signals are among the detection techniques that are thoroughly examined. With an emphasis on selectivity, sensitivity, and detection limits, applications include both cation and anion sensing. Biomedical diagnostics, water quality evaluation, and environmental monitoring are examples of practical applications. This review describes the recent developments in BIM-based sensors with nanotechnology and microfluidic platforms, which present exciting opportunities for portable, real-time detection systems.