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<p>Using microwave irradiation in seed treatment as a physical mutagen is one of the promising technologies in plant breeding that seeks to increase plant productivity and improve their quality. Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) grains were exposed to microwave emitter at distance 1&#xa0;cm from the microwave window with frequency of 9.88&#xa0;GHz and power 4.6 mW which is applied for times of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60&#xa0;min to get different doses of irradiation. Wheat grains were divided into two groups for in vitro and in vivo experiments. The percentage of germinated grains as well as mitotic index increased for seeds exposed to microwave radiation with short exposure periods. However, germination percentage and values of mitotic index were significantly decreased with increasing exposure periods of microwave. Some types of chromosomal abnormalities were observed in the examined cells, and the highest percentage of aberrant cells were recorded in grains irradiated for 60&#xa0;min. Growth parameters, including root and shoot length, were stimulated by short-term exposure but inhibited by long-term exposure.</p>

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Effect of non-ionizing radiation on the growth of wheat plant

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Hyam Nazmy Badr Khalaf,
  • Mona Moustafa,
  • Mostafa M. Y. Abdel-Moneim,
  • A. Ashour,
  • Rasha Kamal Helmey

摘要

Using microwave irradiation in seed treatment as a physical mutagen is one of the promising technologies in plant breeding that seeks to increase plant productivity and improve their quality. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) grains were exposed to microwave emitter at distance 1 cm from the microwave window with frequency of 9.88 GHz and power 4.6 mW which is applied for times of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min to get different doses of irradiation. Wheat grains were divided into two groups for in vitro and in vivo experiments. The percentage of germinated grains as well as mitotic index increased for seeds exposed to microwave radiation with short exposure periods. However, germination percentage and values of mitotic index were significantly decreased with increasing exposure periods of microwave. Some types of chromosomal abnormalities were observed in the examined cells, and the highest percentage of aberrant cells were recorded in grains irradiated for 60 min. Growth parameters, including root and shoot length, were stimulated by short-term exposure but inhibited by long-term exposure.