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<p>Heatwaves can severely affect coastal agricultural systems, yet their characteristics and climate drivers remain relatively underexplored along the southern coast of Java, Indonesia. This study examines terrestrial heatwaves (THWs), marine heatwaves (MHWs), and their co-occurrence in Pameungpeuk using a 23-year dataset (2000–2022). THWs are defined as daily maximum surface air temperature (SAT) exceeding the 85th percentile for at least three consecutive days, while MHWs are identified as sea surface temperature (SST) exceeding the 90th percentile for at least five consecutive days. Co-occurring events are characterised by the temporal overlap between THWs and MHWs. The vegetation response is assessed using the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 data, along with land-use information. To examine the influence of large-scale climate drivers, statistical and cross-wavelet analyses are employed. Results indicate that THWs are more frequent than MHWs, primarily occurring during the wet-to-dry transition period (March–May). These heatwaves are characterised by positive SAT anomalies exceeding 1&#xa0;°C, reduced relative humidity, and moderate wind speeds. These features show partial similarities to the locally reported Angin Lada phenomenon. MHWs are less frequent but tend to persist longer, while co-occurring events display distinct atmospheric characteristics. NDVI declines of 21–46.5% over rice fields during heatwave periods suggest potential vegetation stress. A prolonged THW event in 2010 highlights the possible influence of large-scale climate variability. However, the extent to which these climate drivers interact to produce compound heatwave events remains unclear and warrants further investigation.</p>

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Marine and terrestrial heatwaves and their impacts on coastal environments in southern coastal java, Indonesia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Halimurrahman Halimurrahman,
  • Ginaldi Ari Nugroho,
  • Asif Awaludin,
  • Ibnu Fathrio,
  • Mochamad Furqon Azis Ismail,
  • Zahidah Hasan,
  • Iskandar Iskandar,
  • Asri Indrawati,
  • Tiin Sinatra,
  • Nani Cholianawati,
  • Sany Indra Putra,
  • Listi Restu Triani,
  • Aisya Nafiisyanti,
  • Dyah Aries Tanti,
  • Aufa Zalfarani Saprudin,
  • Arif Rachman,
  • Asep Solihat,
  • Yuli Saepulhayat,
  • Opik Taopik,
  • Firmansyah Tilawah,
  • Affendi Affendi

摘要

Heatwaves can severely affect coastal agricultural systems, yet their characteristics and climate drivers remain relatively underexplored along the southern coast of Java, Indonesia. This study examines terrestrial heatwaves (THWs), marine heatwaves (MHWs), and their co-occurrence in Pameungpeuk using a 23-year dataset (2000–2022). THWs are defined as daily maximum surface air temperature (SAT) exceeding the 85th percentile for at least three consecutive days, while MHWs are identified as sea surface temperature (SST) exceeding the 90th percentile for at least five consecutive days. Co-occurring events are characterised by the temporal overlap between THWs and MHWs. The vegetation response is assessed using the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 data, along with land-use information. To examine the influence of large-scale climate drivers, statistical and cross-wavelet analyses are employed. Results indicate that THWs are more frequent than MHWs, primarily occurring during the wet-to-dry transition period (March–May). These heatwaves are characterised by positive SAT anomalies exceeding 1 °C, reduced relative humidity, and moderate wind speeds. These features show partial similarities to the locally reported Angin Lada phenomenon. MHWs are less frequent but tend to persist longer, while co-occurring events display distinct atmospheric characteristics. NDVI declines of 21–46.5% over rice fields during heatwave periods suggest potential vegetation stress. A prolonged THW event in 2010 highlights the possible influence of large-scale climate variability. However, the extent to which these climate drivers interact to produce compound heatwave events remains unclear and warrants further investigation.