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<p>A multimode Doppler lidar based on a quadri-channel Mach–Zehnder interferometer (QMZI) is investigated in this study. The effects of laser frequency pulling, ambient temperature variation, low-frequency vibration, phase defects, atmospheric temperature uncertainty, Brillouin scattering, and other factors on its detection performance are analyzed. The results indicate that laser frequency pulling has a negligible effect on wind field and aerosol measurements. When the ambient temperature varies by 10&#xa0;K and low-frequency vibration causes a relative change of 1‰ in the optical path difference between the two arms of the QMZI, the resulting deviations in wind speed and backscatter ratio are negligible. The mismatch between the interferometer spectrum and the laser mode spacing also has a negligible influence under these conditions. The influence of phase defects or phase differences introduced by the quarter-wave plate coating can be compensated for by modifying the inversion method. Atmospheric temperature uncertainty has no effect on wind speed inversion accuracy, but it influences backscatter ratio inversion accuracy. When the optical path difference is 50&#xa0;cm, the inversion deviation of the backscatter ratio is negligible. When the optical path difference is 3&#xa0;cm and the atmospheric temperature uncertainty is 10&#xa0;K, the relative deviation of the backscatter ratio inversion reaches 3.2%. The Brillouin scattering in the lower atmosphere does not cause deviation in wind speed measurement, but causes deviation in backscatter ratio measurement. When the optical path difference is 50&#xa0;cm, the backscatter ratio deviation caused by Brillouin scattering is negligible. When the optical path difference is 3&#xa0;cm, the single-longitudinal-mode half-height spectral width is 90&#xa0;MHz, and <i>T</i> = 280&#xa0;K, the relative deviation in backscatter ratio measurement caused by Brillouin scattering is less than 10.7% over the entire atmospheric detection range.</p>

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Analysis of factors affecting the performance of multi-longitudinal-mode Doppler lidar based on quadri-channel Mach–Zehnder interferometer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Xiaowei Xia,
  • Peng Zhuang,
  • Chenbo Xie,
  • Fahua Shen,
  • Yun Jiang

摘要

A multimode Doppler lidar based on a quadri-channel Mach–Zehnder interferometer (QMZI) is investigated in this study. The effects of laser frequency pulling, ambient temperature variation, low-frequency vibration, phase defects, atmospheric temperature uncertainty, Brillouin scattering, and other factors on its detection performance are analyzed. The results indicate that laser frequency pulling has a negligible effect on wind field and aerosol measurements. When the ambient temperature varies by 10 K and low-frequency vibration causes a relative change of 1‰ in the optical path difference between the two arms of the QMZI, the resulting deviations in wind speed and backscatter ratio are negligible. The mismatch between the interferometer spectrum and the laser mode spacing also has a negligible influence under these conditions. The influence of phase defects or phase differences introduced by the quarter-wave plate coating can be compensated for by modifying the inversion method. Atmospheric temperature uncertainty has no effect on wind speed inversion accuracy, but it influences backscatter ratio inversion accuracy. When the optical path difference is 50 cm, the inversion deviation of the backscatter ratio is negligible. When the optical path difference is 3 cm and the atmospheric temperature uncertainty is 10 K, the relative deviation of the backscatter ratio inversion reaches 3.2%. The Brillouin scattering in the lower atmosphere does not cause deviation in wind speed measurement, but causes deviation in backscatter ratio measurement. When the optical path difference is 50 cm, the backscatter ratio deviation caused by Brillouin scattering is negligible. When the optical path difference is 3 cm, the single-longitudinal-mode half-height spectral width is 90 MHz, and T = 280 K, the relative deviation in backscatter ratio measurement caused by Brillouin scattering is less than 10.7% over the entire atmospheric detection range.