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<p>Polymer grouting materials are well suited for low-temperature grouting in sandy soils because they offer low viscosity, rapid setting, and good chemical stability. The resulting grouted bodies exhibit favorable mechanical properties. However, the slurry diffusion mechanisms under these conditions are not fully understood, and the mechanical behavior of grouted sand at low temperatures remains unclear. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in polymer grouting under low-temperature environments, focusing on material properties, slurry diffusion modeling, and performance optimization. Studies show that optimizing catalyst ratios, incorporating modifiers, and implementing real-time temperature control can effectively improve polymer reactivity in the cold. Temperature strongly influences slurry viscosity, phase transition, and multiphase flow during permeation, compaction, and fracture grouting, and these effects should be reflected in theoretical and numerical models. Statistical design, optimization, and data-driven methods can support parameter refinement and performance prediction under low-temperature conditions. Conventional techniques, including permeability tests and ground penetrating radar, combined with probabilistic evaluation and numerical simulation, can provide a more comprehensive assessment of grouting effectiveness. Future work should clarify the coupling between material evolution and diffusion mechanisms, and explore multi-source intelligent algorithms to enhance reliability and engineering adaptability.</p>

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A review of polymer grouting in sandy soils under low temperatures diffusion modeling and performance evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Shuangping Miao,
  • Jianzhao Wang,
  • Peng Zhao,
  • Dongjie Li,
  • Yi Wang,
  • Xueming Du,
  • Xiaohua Zhao

摘要

Polymer grouting materials are well suited for low-temperature grouting in sandy soils because they offer low viscosity, rapid setting, and good chemical stability. The resulting grouted bodies exhibit favorable mechanical properties. However, the slurry diffusion mechanisms under these conditions are not fully understood, and the mechanical behavior of grouted sand at low temperatures remains unclear. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in polymer grouting under low-temperature environments, focusing on material properties, slurry diffusion modeling, and performance optimization. Studies show that optimizing catalyst ratios, incorporating modifiers, and implementing real-time temperature control can effectively improve polymer reactivity in the cold. Temperature strongly influences slurry viscosity, phase transition, and multiphase flow during permeation, compaction, and fracture grouting, and these effects should be reflected in theoretical and numerical models. Statistical design, optimization, and data-driven methods can support parameter refinement and performance prediction under low-temperature conditions. Conventional techniques, including permeability tests and ground penetrating radar, combined with probabilistic evaluation and numerical simulation, can provide a more comprehensive assessment of grouting effectiveness. Future work should clarify the coupling between material evolution and diffusion mechanisms, and explore multi-source intelligent algorithms to enhance reliability and engineering adaptability.