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<p>In this study, the efficiency of <i>Prosopis juliflora</i> seed powder as a natural biosorbent for aluminum removal from aqueous solutions was investigated. This study also examined the physicochemical characteristics of the biosorbent, its efficiency for aluminum removal, and the optimization of the process parameters through central composite design. The effects of contact time (15–315&#xa0;min), initial aluminum concentration (15–195&#xa0;mg/L), solution pH (1–9), and biosorbent dose (0.3–3.9&#xa0;g) were studied. The surface characteristics of the biosorbent were analyzed through SEM, while FTIR and BET were used to determine the functional groups and surface area of the biosorbent, respectively. The results of the biosorbent characterization revealed that the seed powder is suitable and proficient as a biosorbent. The results demonstrated that all the operating variables were significantly influential. The quadratic model revealed a higher R<sup>2</sup> (0.98), which established a better fit than the linear (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.62), two-factor interaction (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.56), and cubic (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99, but aliased) models did. The quadratic models revealed the highest removal efficiency of 97.75% at a contact time of 298.3&#xa0;min, initial concentration of 51.5&#xa0;mg/L, pH of 4.4, and biosorbent dose of 2.3&#xa0;g. The results from the experimental run under similar conditions resulted in a removal efficiency of 93.28%. The findings from this work provide major investigative evidence related to biosorption, but when biosorption occurs in reality, it can differ on the basis of water characteristics and environmental conditions. The results revealed that <i>Prosopis juliflora</i> is an efficient biosorbent for treating aluminum in wastewater.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Modeling and optimization of aluminum biosorption from aqueous solutions by raw Prosopis juliflora seeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月1日

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  • Melese Chanie Shumie,
  • Habtamu Hailu,
  • Esayas Alemayehu

摘要

In this study, the efficiency of Prosopis juliflora seed powder as a natural biosorbent for aluminum removal from aqueous solutions was investigated. This study also examined the physicochemical characteristics of the biosorbent, its efficiency for aluminum removal, and the optimization of the process parameters through central composite design. The effects of contact time (15–315 min), initial aluminum concentration (15–195 mg/L), solution pH (1–9), and biosorbent dose (0.3–3.9 g) were studied. The surface characteristics of the biosorbent were analyzed through SEM, while FTIR and BET were used to determine the functional groups and surface area of the biosorbent, respectively. The results of the biosorbent characterization revealed that the seed powder is suitable and proficient as a biosorbent. The results demonstrated that all the operating variables were significantly influential. The quadratic model revealed a higher R2 (0.98), which established a better fit than the linear (R2 = 0.62), two-factor interaction (R2 = 0.56), and cubic (R2 = 0.99, but aliased) models did. The quadratic models revealed the highest removal efficiency of 97.75% at a contact time of 298.3 min, initial concentration of 51.5 mg/L, pH of 4.4, and biosorbent dose of 2.3 g. The results from the experimental run under similar conditions resulted in a removal efficiency of 93.28%. The findings from this work provide major investigative evidence related to biosorption, but when biosorption occurs in reality, it can differ on the basis of water characteristics and environmental conditions. The results revealed that Prosopis juliflora is an efficient biosorbent for treating aluminum in wastewater.

Graphical abstract