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<p>This article presents a novel 100-watt impedance analyzer designed to characterize piezoelectric transducers at high excitation voltages (100–200&#xa0;V)—a capability absents in commercial analyzers, which are typically limited to low voltages (e.g., 2&#xa0;V). This advancement enables the study of nonlinear piezoelectric effects under realistic operating conditions, which is critical for applications such as medical imaging and industrial actuators. Operating over a 15–40&#xa0;kHz frequency sweep range, the analyzer delivers high-resolution measurements (0.15&#xa0;V, 1&#xa0;mA, and 0.2° for voltage, current, and phase, respectively) and provides comprehensive data including impedance, admittance, quality factor, bandwidth, and electrical equivalent circuit parameters. Innovations such as a stable asynchronous buck converter and a precise D flip-flop-based phase detection method ensure reliable performance at high voltages. Testing three transducers at 100, 150, and 200&#xa0;V—compared to a commercial analyzer operating at 2&#xa0;V—reveals new trends: a decrease in resonance frequency by approximately 1.3% and a reduction in admittance with increasing voltage. These effects are attributed to a lowered Young’s modulus and increased damping, offering new insights into nonlinear piezoelectric behavior.</p>

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Design and implementation of a high-power impedance analyzer to study the frequency response of ultrasonic transducers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Mohammad Reza Karafi,
  • Seyed Amir Mahmood Vahdat

摘要

This article presents a novel 100-watt impedance analyzer designed to characterize piezoelectric transducers at high excitation voltages (100–200 V)—a capability absents in commercial analyzers, which are typically limited to low voltages (e.g., 2 V). This advancement enables the study of nonlinear piezoelectric effects under realistic operating conditions, which is critical for applications such as medical imaging and industrial actuators. Operating over a 15–40 kHz frequency sweep range, the analyzer delivers high-resolution measurements (0.15 V, 1 mA, and 0.2° for voltage, current, and phase, respectively) and provides comprehensive data including impedance, admittance, quality factor, bandwidth, and electrical equivalent circuit parameters. Innovations such as a stable asynchronous buck converter and a precise D flip-flop-based phase detection method ensure reliable performance at high voltages. Testing three transducers at 100, 150, and 200 V—compared to a commercial analyzer operating at 2 V—reveals new trends: a decrease in resonance frequency by approximately 1.3% and a reduction in admittance with increasing voltage. These effects are attributed to a lowered Young’s modulus and increased damping, offering new insights into nonlinear piezoelectric behavior.