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<p>This study proposes a simulation-based evaluation framework to investigate the effects of suspension component degradation on the dynamic performance of 160&#xa0;km/h express freight cars. A multibody dynamics model was developed using SIMPACK to analyze several typical failure scenarios, including axle-box rubber spring degradation, primary vertical damper failure, secondary lateral damper malfunction, anti-yaw damper loss, and air spring leakage. Under the assumed track and loading conditions, single-component failures generally did not cause the stability index (W) to exceed the threshold of 2.5 at the design speed of 160&#xa0;km/h. However, more severe cases—such as dual secondary damper failures, anti-yaw damper loss, and air spring rupture—led to noticeable increases in dynamic response. Based on these findings, preliminary speed restrictions ranging from 150&#xa0;km/h to 50&#xa0;km/h are suggested for different failure combinations. It should be emphasized that these conclusions are conditional and derived from simulation models with idealized assumptions. Further validation through instrumented field tests, broader parametric studies, and real-world condition modeling is essential before operational implementation. The study offers initial guidance for defining thresholds in train control and monitoring systems (TCMS) and for developing emergency response strategies under suspension fault conditions.</p>

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Influence of suspension system service degradation characteristics on running stability performance of 160 km/h express freight car

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Zhixiong Gao,
  • Kai Ma,
  • Long Li,
  • Huihui Bian,
  • Yanmei Xiao,
  • Weidong Chen,
  • Qiang Li

摘要

This study proposes a simulation-based evaluation framework to investigate the effects of suspension component degradation on the dynamic performance of 160 km/h express freight cars. A multibody dynamics model was developed using SIMPACK to analyze several typical failure scenarios, including axle-box rubber spring degradation, primary vertical damper failure, secondary lateral damper malfunction, anti-yaw damper loss, and air spring leakage. Under the assumed track and loading conditions, single-component failures generally did not cause the stability index (W) to exceed the threshold of 2.5 at the design speed of 160 km/h. However, more severe cases—such as dual secondary damper failures, anti-yaw damper loss, and air spring rupture—led to noticeable increases in dynamic response. Based on these findings, preliminary speed restrictions ranging from 150 km/h to 50 km/h are suggested for different failure combinations. It should be emphasized that these conclusions are conditional and derived from simulation models with idealized assumptions. Further validation through instrumented field tests, broader parametric studies, and real-world condition modeling is essential before operational implementation. The study offers initial guidance for defining thresholds in train control and monitoring systems (TCMS) and for developing emergency response strategies under suspension fault conditions.