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<p>Surface water pollution is a serious worldwide problem that needs to be addressed, and its contamination comes from a variety of sources, both point and non-point sources. This study was aimed at evaluating the physicochemical water indices of two surface water canals in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of two different surface water canals every month for 12 months (a total of 72 samples) and analysed for selected water quality parameters. In this study, values recorded for all the water samples were within the recommended WHO ranges except for temperature, turbidity, phosphate, salinity, and chemical oxygen demand. Generally, pH of the water samples ranged between 6.40 ± 0.071 and 8.60 ± 0.071, while conductivity ranged from 72.411 ± 0.071 µS/cm to 197.31 ± 0.012 µS/cm. Phosphate concentration, which ranged from 0.20 ± 0.004&#xa0;mg/L to 1.90 ± 0.006&#xa0;mg/L, showed significantly higher values than the recommended WHO limit of 1.0&#xa0;mg/L. In the case of COD, values ranging from 10.70 ± 0.028&#xa0;mg/L to 16.80 ± 0.005&#xa0;mg/L were recorded during the sampling period and exceeded the WHO recommended limit of 10&#xa0;mg/L. This observation was irrespective of the sampling months. Overall, the study findings highlight the variations in the physicochemical properties of the surface water in the study area. This could aid users in making informed decisions about water concerning domestic use, and policymakers and health practitioners in designing effective surface water safety and treatment initiatives in the study area.</p>

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Evaluation of physicochemical water-quality indices of two surface water canals in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Oluwatayo Fasuan,
  • Tolulope Ogunnusi,
  • Oghenerobor Akpor

摘要

Surface water pollution is a serious worldwide problem that needs to be addressed, and its contamination comes from a variety of sources, both point and non-point sources. This study was aimed at evaluating the physicochemical water indices of two surface water canals in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of two different surface water canals every month for 12 months (a total of 72 samples) and analysed for selected water quality parameters. In this study, values recorded for all the water samples were within the recommended WHO ranges except for temperature, turbidity, phosphate, salinity, and chemical oxygen demand. Generally, pH of the water samples ranged between 6.40 ± 0.071 and 8.60 ± 0.071, while conductivity ranged from 72.411 ± 0.071 µS/cm to 197.31 ± 0.012 µS/cm. Phosphate concentration, which ranged from 0.20 ± 0.004 mg/L to 1.90 ± 0.006 mg/L, showed significantly higher values than the recommended WHO limit of 1.0 mg/L. In the case of COD, values ranging from 10.70 ± 0.028 mg/L to 16.80 ± 0.005 mg/L were recorded during the sampling period and exceeded the WHO recommended limit of 10 mg/L. This observation was irrespective of the sampling months. Overall, the study findings highlight the variations in the physicochemical properties of the surface water in the study area. This could aid users in making informed decisions about water concerning domestic use, and policymakers and health practitioners in designing effective surface water safety and treatment initiatives in the study area.